Composition of the Essential Oil of Mentha lavandulacea from Saudi Arabia
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COMPOSITION OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF Mentha lavandulacea FROM SAUDI ARABIA
A. Abdel-Megeed,1 B. Demirci,2 and K. H. C. Baser1,2*
UDC 547.913
The genus Mentha L. (Lamiaceae) is represented in the World by 62 taxa including 18 species and 11 hybrids [1]. The number of species of Mentha in Saudi Arabia is undefined. To the best of our knowledge, there is no previous report on the essential oil of Mentha lavandulacea Willd. There is only one report on the flavonoids of this species reported from Egypt [2]. No information on the folk medicinal uses of this plant can be found. This prompted us to study the essential oil of this species. Hydrodistilled essential oil from herbal parts of Mentha lavandulacea collected in Damman, Saudi Arabia was analyzed simultaneously by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry techniques for the first time under the experimental conditions reported previously [3]. The oil contained pulegone (52%) and menthone (25%) as the main constituents among the 18 compounds characterized, making up of 98.9% of the oil monoterpenes as shown in Table 1. Kokkini [4] classified mint oils according to chemical types as acyclic, 2-substituted, and 3-substituted based on previous results in her important review. We followed the same in our previous study on the mint oils of northern Turkey [3]. We reported the occurrence of 3-oxo compounds in 67% of the north Anatolian mint samples in which 1,2-epoxy compounds were the main constituents. The oil of M. lavandulacea clearly falls into the 3-oxo compound-rich group, since pulegone and menthone are 3-oxo. Its composition is closely related to Mentha pulegium L. of the section Pulegium of Mentha [5]. TABLE 1. The Essential Oil Composition of Mentha lavandulacea Compound
RRI
%
E-Pinene Sabinene Myrcene Limonene 1,8-Cineole Menthone Menthofuran Isomenthone trans-Isopulegone Neomenthol
1118 1132 1174 1203 1213 1475 1497 1503 1598 1604
0.4 0.3 0.4 1.2 4.6 25.0 0.6 3.8 1.0 0.6
Compound
RRI
%
E-Caryophyllene Menthol Pulegone G-Terpineol D-Terpineol Piperitone Piperitenone T-Cadinol Carvacrol Total
1612 1638 1662 1682 1706 1748 1949 2187 2239
1.0 1.0 52.0 0.6 1.3 1.2 0.9 1.0 2.0 98.9
______ RRI: relative retention indices calculated against n-alkanes. % calculated from FID data.
1) Botany and Microbiology Department,College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. BOX 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; 2) Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskisehir, Turkey, e-mail: [email protected]. Published in Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, September–October, 2013, p. 814. Original article submitted May 22, 2012. 0009-3130/13/4905-0951 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for funding the work through the research group project No. RGP-VPP-010.
REFERENCES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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B. M. Lawrence (ed.), Mint. The Genus Mentha – Medicinal and Aromatic Plants –Industrial Profiles,
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