Computational Intelligence in Vaccine Design Against COVID-19
The pandemic Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was aggressively expanding throughout the world, and no effective vaccines and drugs are available. Giant pharmaceutical industries and researchers use computer intelligence coupled with bioinformatics kno
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Abstract The pandemic Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was aggressively expanding throughout the world, and no effective vaccines and drugs are available. Giant pharmaceutical industries and researchers use computer intelligence coupled with bioinformatics knowledge to accelerate the development process of designing an effective vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, a time-consuming, complicated, intricate, and complex process. Supercomputers are used to give power to the Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) assistance for structural modeling of unresolved protein, molecular dynamics simulation (MD) of the modeled protein structure, target finding, selection of B and T cell epitopes and simulations study K. K. Bharadwaj Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University Institute of Science and Technology (GUIST), Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam 781014, India e-mail: [email protected] A. Srivastava Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India e-mail: [email protected] M. K. Panda (B) · R. Maharana · K. Mandal · B. S. Manisha Singh · D. Singh · D. Murmu · S. K. Kabi Environment & Sustainability Department, CSIR-IMMT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751013, India e-mail: [email protected] R. Maharana e-mail: [email protected] K. Mandal e-mail: [email protected] B. S. Manisha Singh e-mail: [email protected] D. Singh e-mail: [email protected] D. Murmu e-mail: [email protected] © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021 K. Raza (ed.), Computational Intelligence Methods in COVID-19: Surveillance, Prevention, Prediction and Diagnosis, Studies in Computational Intelligence 923, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8534-0_16
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for vaccine development. In this chapter, we described an in-depth overview on the use and impact of various revolutionary and game-changing technology of computer intelligence like AI and ML which with the guide of computational biology, bioinformatics, structural biology, and genomics paved the way in understanding, design, and development of vaccines at a much diminished time and minimal cost. Various software and tools used in the developmental process are also consolidated here. Finally, the limitations and future prospects of overcoming the global crisis and tackling pandemics with the help of computational intelligence are speculated here. Keywords Novel coronavirus · Vaccine · Artificial intelligence (AI) · Machine learning (ML) · Molecular dynamics simulation (MD)
1 Introduction The world has already faced epidemic diseases such as Ebola, HIV/AIDS, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, and novel H1N1 in recent years. But, the sudden outbreak of novel coronavirus pandemic has affected the world ecologically and economically in the last few months. The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from Wuhan, the capital of Central China’s Hubei provin
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