Conductive and Sensing Performance of PVA and PEDOT/PSS Blended Fiber
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Conductive and Sensing Performance of PVA and PEDOT/PSS Blended Fiber Hiroaki Miura1,2, Akio Omori2, Junko Takizawa2, and Mutsumi Kimura2 1 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd., Research Center, 1-1, Morinosatoaoyama, Atsugi 243-0123, Japan 2 Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda 386-8567, Japan ABSTRACT In this paper, we developed textile-based sensors for measuring vital signs. We fabricated conductive fiber made from organic conjugated polymers without the use of inorganic materials. While the tensile strength of pure poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene/poly-4-styrene sulfonic acid (PEDOT/PSS) fiber was low, it was unsuitable to fabricate textile-based devices. To avoid this drawback, we examined the composite fibers composed of PEDOT/PSS and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to obtain good mechanical properties as well as a high electronic conductivity. PVA was used as a matrix component to connect colloidal PEDOT/PSS particles within the fibers. We succeeded continuous and uniform spinning from the mixed solution of PEDOT/PSS and PVA through the modified wet spinning process. Tensile strength of the composite fiber increased to twice that consisted only of PEDOT/PSS. In addition, the electric conductivity increased about three times by the combination with PVA. Textiles made of conductive fibers behaved as flexible electrodes for the detection of heartbeat. INTRODUCTION A textile, which is a flexible two- or three-dimensional material consisting of a network of one-dimensional fibers, is a suitable platform of wearable electronics. When miniaturized electronic devices are embedded on one-dimensional conducting fibers, the fibers will have the ability to sense, react, interact, move, and store. Furthermore, multi-functional wearable systems can fabricate by assembling each functional fiber components in the textile platform through conventional textile processing techniques including weaving, knitting, crocheting, or knotting. These textile devices can monitor your health, guard you in case of any danger, and generate ambient energy by the energy conversion from light, vibration, and difference of temperature. Several efforts have been devoted to develop conducting fibers including metal plating, deposition of metal layers, and coating of conductive materials as metal nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes [1]. The deposition of conductive thin layers onto fiber surface has the disadvantages of being expensive, heavy, and brittle. Since the discovery of electronic conductivity for organic polymers, organic conductive polymers have been paid a special attention as active components for organic solar cells, printing electronic circuits, organic light-emitting diodes, actuators, electrochromism, supercapacitors, and biosensors. Conducting fibers made from organic conducting polymers such as polyaniline and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) have fabricated to realize textile devices without the use of inorganic materials. While polyaniline fibers require acidic environment to keep
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