Areca nut fiber nano crystals, clay nano particles and PVA blended bionanocomposite material for active packaging of foo
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Areca nut fiber nano crystals, clay nano particles and PVA blended bionanocomposite material for active packaging of food Shruthy Ramesh1 · Preetha Radhakrishnan1 Received: 30 July 2020 / Accepted: 31 October 2020 © King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology 2020
Abstract Nowadays, there has been a marked increase in the use of biopolymer-based packaging, which improves or extends the shelf life of the food materials. This research aims to obtain a better understanding of the use of natural polymer (cellulose) as well as clay nanoparticles (CNP) for fabrication of eco-friendly and economical unique food packaging material. The fiber nanocrystals (FNC) were obtained from areca nut (Areca catechu) waste using both chemical and physical treatments. Different analytical techniques were used to confirm the size, crystallinity, and purity of the FNC. Furthermore, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to confirm the morphology, size distribution and topography of FNC. The nanobiocomposite material was developed by the combination of FNC, clay nanoparticles, polyvinyl alcohol, and fennel seed oil. The nanobiocomposite was further analyzed for tensile strength/elongation property, thermal degradation property, optical property, antioxidant, antimicrobial property, and contact angle measurement. The FNC-clay nanoparticle-fennel seed oil incorporated PVA based material showed increased mechanical property, improved optical and thermal property than normal PVA film. The results suggest that the fabricated nanobiocomposite material having enhanced antibacterial and antioxidant properties. The hydrophobic nature of the PVA incorporated nanobiocomposite was improved by the addition of the clay nanoparticles and the unique combination of the material can revolutionize the food packaging industry. Keywords Cellulose · Polyvinyl alcohol · Fiber nanocrystals · Food packaging · Clay nanoparticles
Introduction Nowadays, the researchers are focusing on the usage of renewable resources for the fabrication of packaging materials. This is due to the raising concern about the environmental problem caused by non-biodegradable materials. Synthetic and non-degradable plastic waste plays a significant role in environmental issues. It is reported that by the year 2025 there could be more plastic waste than fishes in the ocean (Bender 2018). The non-biodegradable plastic causes serious ecological problems in marine habitats. The natural polymers such as cellulose and chitosan with * Preetha Radhakrishnan [email protected] 1
Department of Food Process Engineering, School of Bioengineering, The College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
enhanced properties can be used for the preparation of the active packaging, as they conquer the above-said challenges (Ferreira et al. 2009). In the agricultural sector, waste
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