Conductivity and Oxidation Behavior of Fe-16Cr Alloy as Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Interconnect Under Long-Stability and Ther
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Conductivity and Oxidation Behavior of Fe‑16Cr Alloy as Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Interconnect Under Long‑Stability and Thermal Cycles Jianwu Zhou1,2 · Qiangfeng Chen3 · Junkang Sang2 · Rongmin Wu1 · Zhuobin Li1 · Wanbing Guan2 Received: 24 May 2020 / Revised: 2 August 2020 / Accepted: 25 August 2020 © The Chinese Society for Metals (CSM) and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Conductivity and oxidation behavior of Fe-16Cr alloy were investigated under long-term stability operation at 750 °C and thermal cycles from room temperature to 750 °C. The results showed that the area specific resistance (ASR) of Fe-16Cr alloy increased over time and reached about 56.29 mΩ cm2 after 40,000 h of long-term stability operation at 750 °C by theoretical calculation. The ASR of Fe-16Cr remained about 11 mΩ cm2 after 52 thermal cycles from room temperature to 750 °C. The analysis of structure showed that the oxidized phase on the surface of Fe-16Cr was mainly composed of C r 2O 3 and FeCr2O4 spinel phase under long-term stability operation at 750 °C. While the Cr2O3 phase was mainly observed on the surface of Fe-16Cr alloy after 52 thermal cycles, the oxidation rates of Fe-16Cr alloy were 0.0142 μm h−1 and 0.06 μm cycle−1 under long-term stability operation and under thermal cycle, respectively. The property of Fe-16Cr alloy with 2.6 mm thickness met the lifespan requirement of interconnect for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stacks. The Cr element all diffused onto oxidation surface, indicating that it was necessary to spray a coating on the surface to avoid poisoning cell cathode of SOFCs. Two 2-cell stacks were assembled and tested to verify the properties of Fe-16Cr alloy as SOFC interconnect under long-term stability operation and thermal cycle condition. Keywords Fe-16Cr · Interconnect · Long-term stability · Thermal cycle · Solid oxide fuel cell
1 Introduction Interconnect is one of the most important components for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stacks, which should have the following properties: excellent electrical conductivity and oxidation resistance at high temperature, adequate stability in both oxidizing and reducing atmospheres, and thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) matching SOFC electrolyte, etc. [1–4]. Due to reducing operation temperature from 1000 °C to below 850 °C, metallic materials become the prime choice Available online at http://link.springer.com/journal/40195. * Junkang Sang * Wanbing Guan [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Zhejiang Energy Group, R&D Institute Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 311121, China
2
Ningbo Institute of Material Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
3
Zhejiang Energy Beilun Power Generation Co.Ltd, Ningbo 315800, China
as interconnect for SOFC stacks [5, 6]. Fe–Cr alloys were reported to meet the performance requirement of SOFC stacks, where the value of TEC was quite close to that of other SOFC components and the processing method of this kind of alloy was comparatively simple [7–10]. The Cr ele
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