Consciousness, Cognitive Schemata, and Relativism Multidisciplinary

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STUDIES IN COGNITIVE SYSTEMS VOLUME 15 EDITOR

James H. Fetzer, University of Minnesota, Duluth ADVISORY EDITORIAL BOARD

Fred Dretske, Stanford University Ellery Eells, University of Wisconsin, Madison Alick Elithom, Royal Free Hospital, London Jerry Fodor, Rutgers University Alvin Goldman, University ofArizona Jaakko Hintikka, Boston University Frank Keil, Cornell University William Rapaport, State University of New York at Buffalo Barry Richards, Imperial College, London Stephen Stich, Rutgers University Lucia Vaina, Boston University Terry Winograd, Stanford University

The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume.

CONSCIOUSNESS, COGNITIVE SCHEMATA, AND RELATIVISM Multidisciplinary Explorations in Cognitive Science

edited by

MAITI KAMPPlNEN Department of Cultural Studies, University of Turku, Finland

SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Consciousness, cognitive schemata, and relativism multidisciplinary explorations in cognitive science ! edited by Matti Kamppinen. p. cm. -- (Studies in cognitive systems ; v. 15) Includes indexes. ISBN 978-90-481-4269-9 ISBN 978-94-017-1141-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-017-1141-8

1. Philosophy of mind. 2. Cognitive science. 3. Consclousness. 4. Schemas (Psychology) 5. Explanation. 6. Relativlsm. I. Kamppinen, Matti, 1961II. Series. B0418.3.C655 1993 128' .2--dc20 93-15269

ISBN 978-90-481-4269-9

Printed on acid-free paper

AH Rights Reserved © 1993 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1993

No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.

TABLE OF CONlENTS

SERIES PREFACE

vii

PREFACE BY TIlE EDITOR

ix

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

xi

INIRODUCTION PART I:

1

COGNITIVE MODELS OF CONSCIOUSNESS by Antti Revonsuo Chapter 1.

Consciousness as a Contemporary Philosophical Problem 27 Chapter 2. Philosophical Theories of Consciousness 33 Chapter 3. Consciousness and Models of Cognition 58 91 Chapter 4. The Future Science of Consciousness Bibliography 124 PART II: COGNITIVE SCHEMATA by Matti Kamppinen Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter

5. Intentional Explanation 6. Structural Explanation 7. The Cognitive Schema 8. Rationality and Henneneutics Bibliography

133

140 143 163 167

PART III: RELATIVISM AND COONITIVISM A: REPRESENTATION AND REALITY by Seppo Sajama and Simo Vihjanen Chapter 9. Introduction: Representation and Reality Chapter 10. Acquaintance

171 181

vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter

11. Mental Indexicality 12. Mental Acts De Re 13. The Experience of Reality 14. The Experience of Identity Bibliography

190 198 211 217 227

B: ULTIMATE RELATIVISM by Matti Kamppinen and Antti Revonsuo Chapter 15. Cultural Relativism and Cognitivism Chapter 16. Ultimate Relativism Bibliography

229 235