Contrast Echocardiography Compendium for Clinical Practice
This book provides a comprehensive overview of the practical aspects of contrast echocardiography. It also covers all the material in the guidelines published by the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) in 2018 and the recommendations set out by the
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Contrast Echocardiography
Harald Becher • Andreas Helfen
Contrast Echocardiography Compendium for Clinical Practice
Harald Becher University of Alberta Hospital Edmonton AB Canada
Andreas Helfen St. Marien Hospital, Katholisches Klinikum Lünen GmbH Lünen Nordrhein-Westfalen Germany
Additional material to this book can be downloaded from http://extras.springer.com. ISBN 978-3-030-15961-0 ISBN 978-3-030-15962-7 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15962-7 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Contents
1 Basics of Contrast Enhanced Echocardiography�������������������������� 1 1.1 Ultrasound Contrast Agents������������������������������������������������������ 1 1.2 Right Heart Contrast Agent������������������������������������������������������ 2 1.2.1 Indications�������������������������������������������������������������������� 2 1.2.2 Preparation of the Agitated Saline�������������������������������� 8 1.2.3 Adverse Effects of Agitated Saline ������������������������������ 10 1.3 Left Heart Contrast Agents ������������������������������������������������������ 11 1.3.1 Indications�������������������������������������������������������������������� 11 1.3.2 Contraindications���������������������������������������������������������� 12 1.3.3 Characteristics of Left Heart Contrast Media �������������� 13 1.3.4 Adverse Effects of Left Heart Contrast Agents������������ 13 1.3.5 Degradation of the Contrast Agents������������������������������ 15 1.3.6 Preparation of the Contrast Agent�������������������������������� 15 1.3.7 Preparation of the Patient������������������
