Contribution to modeling the wear mechanism of X40CrMoV5/Fe360B steel couple in an open sliding contact at high temperat
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Caroline Richard Université François Rabelais de Tours (UFRT), Laboratoire de Mécanique et Rhéologie (LMR) EA 2640, Tours 37200, France (Received 11 November 2016; accepted 9 January 2017)
In a hot forming process, the study of the interface tool/product proves important. This study focuses on the influence of the third body in the case of pin-on-disc in an open contact. The objective of this work was to identify the third body-particle circulation mechanisms at high temperatures. The “wear and friction” tests were conducted with an open sliding contact on pairs of X40CrMoV5/Fe360B steels under a normal force of 70 N at 600 °C and with a speed of rotation of the disc of 50 rev/min. The pin material was X40CrMoV5 (AISI H13) steel and the disc material was Fe360B steel. Scanning electronic microscope, energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffractometer explored the development surface damage and oxides tribooxides. It was concluded that various types of the third body particles were present in the contact. The wear mechanism on the X40CrMoV5 pin in a high temperature contact is proposed.
I. INTRODUCTION
The tribological aspect in a hot forming process has a crucial role to predict. Indeed, wear is usually a result of one hand, the relative slide between the material and the tool and the role of the third body in another hand. Many researchers have been concerned with this phenomenon, indicating that these systems are complex in soft contact. In fact, the surfaces evolve continuously over time.1–6 The light has also been shed on the effects of the third body on the tribological properties and wear of materials. Actually, several studies have confirmed that the presence of the third body, their formation, and their evolution greatly affects the tribological properties of materials friction.7–14 In hot forming process, the final product is in constant renewal surface. Therefore, the formation of the third body gives a special importance to the kinetics of the tribo-chemical reactions and mass transfer. Indeed, the understanding of tribological phenomena that take place at the high temperature contact is particularly complex because of the different parameters that come into play in the tribosystem (thermal, mechanical . . .).15 Moreover, Stott and Wood16 have shown that in the high temperature, wear does not only depend on the friction between the two antagonist materials, but also on the impact of oxide layers. Vergne et al.17 indicated that these oxide layers reach a critical thickness and then Contributing Editor: Jürgen Eckert a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2017.28
deteriorated and produced cracks in the surface of the tool and the product. The same authors16 have demonstrated that the wear observed on the surface of the first body depends on the nature and mechanical properties of the oxides present in the contact. Matuszak18 affirmed that the behavior of friction materials depends on several parameters such as the contact pressure, sliding
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