Controlled Natural Language Third International Workshop, CNL 2012,
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Controlled Natural Language, CNL 2012, held in Zurich, Switzerland, in August 2012. The 12 revised papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and sele
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LNAI Founding Series Editor Joerg Siekmann DFKI and Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
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Tobias Kuhn Norbert E. Fuchs (Eds.)
Controlled Natural Language Third International Workshop, CNL 2012 Zurich, Switzerland, August 29-31, 2012 Proceedings
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Series Editors Randy Goebel, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada Jörg Siekmann, University of Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany Wolfgang Wahlster, DFKI and University of Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany Volume Editors Tobias Kuhn Yale University School of Medicine Department of Pathology 300 George Street New Haven, CT 06511, USA E-mail: [email protected] Norbert E. Fuchs Universität Zürich Institut für Computerlinguistik Binzmühlestrasse 14 8050 Zürich, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected]
ISSN 0302-9743 e-ISSN 1611-3349 ISBN 978-3-642-32611-0 e-ISBN 978-3-642-32612-7 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-32612-7 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2012943860 CR Subject Classification (1998): F.4.3, I.2.4, I.2.7, F.4, I.2, J.1, J.5, H.3, H.4 LNCS Sublibrary: SL 7 – Artificial Intelligence
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Typesetting: Camera-ready by author, data conversion by Scientific Publishing Services, Chennai, India Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
CNL 2012 was the third of a series of international workshops on controlled natural language. Skipping one year, it followed up on the previous two events, CNL 2009 and 2010, both held on the beautiful island of Marettimo in Italy. Their success convinced us to continue the series. This time, for a change and for better reachability, we chose Zurich in Switzerland as venue instead of Marettimo. The event was hosted by the Department of Informatics and the Institute of Computational Linguistics of the University of Zurich. Another change concerns the proceedings. Previously, contributions for the workshops were reviewed based on extended abstracts with the full papers being reviewed and published after the event. This time, the complete proceedings are published before the workshop, which involved just one round of reviewing of the full papers. The topic
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