Cooperation and Innovative Performance of Firms: Panel Data Evidence from the Czech Republic, Norway and the UK
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Cooperation and Innovative Performance of Firms: Panel Data Evidence from the Czech Republic, Norway and the UK Martin Srholec
Received: 11 April 2013 / Accepted: 23 October 2013 / Published online: 16 November 2013 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
Abstract Using panel micro data fro\m Community Innovation Survey in the Czech Republic, Norway and the UK, we estimate dynamic random effects models, in which the innovation output of firms is the function of their cooperative behaviour and other observed characteristics, while accounting for unobserved heterogeneity. The results indicate that the capacity of firms to build on external domestic linkages is what matters most for their innovation output and that external foreign cooperative linkages lead to superior innovative performance only if combined with the domestic ones. Hence, the findings support the take on globalization prevalent in innovation studies that the home base continues to matter and back up the arguments in geography of innovation on the importance of combining local and distant interactions. Keywords Innovation . Cooperation . Performance . Micro data . Community Innovation Survey
Introduction Traditionally, dynamic micro analyses of innovation focused on the relationship between R&D and patents on one hand and on the impact of these rather narrowly defined innovation activities on performance of firms on the other hand (Mairesse and CERGE-EI is a joint workplace of the Center for Economic Research and Graduate Education, Charles University and the Economics Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13132-013-0175-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. M. Srholec (*) CERGE-EI, Economics Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Politických vězňů 7, 111 21 Prague 1, Czech Republic e-mail: [email protected] M. Srholec Centre for Technology, Innovation and Culture (TIK), University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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J Knowl Econ (2014) 5:133–155
Mohnen 2010). But innovation may be conducted in many ways, by combining knowledge from diverse sources, with different productivity in terms of the firm performance (Fagerberg et al. 2004). Some of this knowledge is inside of the firm, while other elements need to be obtained externally (Nelson 1962; Richardson 1972; Lundvall 1988). Arrangements to cooperate on innovation with other organizations facilitate access to the external sources (Miotti and Sachwald 2003). But how much difference does this really make? Are cooperative firms more productive in selling innovated products? And what kind of linkages, at home or abroad, are more rewarding? Over the last two decades, the so-called Community Innovation Survey (CIS) has been conducted in many countries offering new evidence on the innovative behaviour of firms. Availability of micro data from these surveys triggered a bourgeoning body of empirical literature, including research on the impact
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