Coordinated Control Design for Reconnection of Islanded Generation
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Coordinated Control Design for Reconnection of Islanded Generation Kauana Palma Silva1
· Dalton Fellipe Casamali1 · Aguinaldo Silveira e Silva1
Received: 7 November 2019 / Revised: 14 May 2020 / Accepted: 2 July 2020 © Brazilian Society for Automatics–SBA 2020
Abstract In countries with large hydroresources, generation formed by small hydropower plants may have a significant participation in distributed power generation. Small hydropower plants are connected at subtransmission or distribution level and usually are disconnected after contingencies and islanding. Islanded operation requires adequate system dynamics after disconnection and smooth reconnection. The increase in wind generation and photovoltaic sources requires that utilities consider these sources in islanded operation. In this paper, the design of coordinated controllers for reconnection of distributed generation including hydro- and wind power plants after islanding is considered. The design method is based on constrained optimal control, which allows the design of structured controls such as PI, PID and decentralized. The proposed method is applied to a test system with two small hydropower plants and a wind farm. The results show that the proposed method provides a systematic design approach to ensure smooth reconnection of the islanded network to the main network. Keywords Reconnection · Islanding operation · Coordinate control · Inertial control · Wind farm · Small hydropower plants
1 Introduction In countries with large hydroresources, a significant part of the distributed generation (DG) consists of small hydropower plants (SHP), connected to the system at subtransmission or distribution voltage level. SHP, electrically and geographically close, may operate as an island after disconnection from the main grid. The dissemination of photovoltaic and wind generation (WG), and their eventual presence as part of the islanded generation, has to be considered by utilities when planning intentional operation of DG as an island. Islanded operation has several problems associated with protection, dynamics and security (Babazadeh and Karimi 2011). An adequate dynamic response after islanding and smooth reconnection require a suited control scheme and design methods for tuning the controllers. A large number of publications tackle the problem of DG and islanding. Problems and solutions for islanded operation
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Kauana Palma Silva [email protected] Dalton Fellipe Casamali [email protected] Aguinaldo Silveira e Silva [email protected]
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are discussed in Katiraei et al. (2004). A study of islanding of small hydrogeneration and reconnection to the main grid is presented in Assis and Taranto (2012). In Best et al. (2007), Laverty et al. (2008), Best et al. (2009) and Best et al. (2010), the authors have developed an extensive study of the islanding and reconnection with hydro- and diesel generation and communication solutions. The automatic reconnection and its simulation are discussed in Mukherjee and Vanfretti (2019). Although control
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