Crystal-based intensive gamma-ray light sources
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THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D
Topical Review
Crystal-based intensive gamma-ray light sources Andrei V. Korol and Andrey V. Solov’yovab MBN Research Center, Altenh¨ oferallee 3, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany Received 23 April 2020 / Received in final form 13 August 2020 / Accepted 18 August 2020 Published online 1 October 2020 c EDP Sciences / Societ`
a Italiana di Fisica / Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature, 2020 Abstract. We discuss design and practical realization of novel gamma-ray Crystal-based Light Sources (CLS) that can be constructed through exposure of oriented crystals (linear, bent, periodically bent) to beams of ultrarelativistic charged particles. In an exemplary case study, we estimate brilliance of radiation emitted in a Crystalline Undulator (CU) LS by available positron beams. Intensity of CU radiation in the photon energy range 100 −101 MeV, which is inaccessible to conventional synchrotrons, undulators and XFELs, greatly exceeds that of laser-Compton scattering LSs and can be higher than predicted in the Gamma Factory proposal to CERN. Brilliance of CU-LSs can be boosted by up to 8 orders of magnitude through the process of superradiance by a pre-bunched beam. Construction of novel CLSs is a challenging task which constitutes a highly interdisciplinary field entangling a broad range of correlated activities. CLSs provide a low-cost alternative to conventional LSs and have enormous number of applications.
1 Introduction The development of light sources (LS) for wavelengths λ well below 1 angstrom (corresponding photon energies Eph 10 keV) is a challenging goal of modern physics. Sub-angstrom wavelength powerful spontaneous and, especially, coherent radiation will have many applications in the basic sciences, technology and medicine. They may have a revolutionary impact on nuclear and solidstate physics, as well as on the life sciences. At present, several X-ray Free-Electron-Laser (XFEL) sources are operating (European XFEL, FERMI, LCLS, SACLA, PAL-XFEL) or planned (SwissFEL) for X-rays down to λ ∼ 1˚ A [1–6]. However, no laser system has yet been commissioned for lower wavelengths due to the limitations of permanent magnet and accelerator technologies. Modern synchrotron facilities, such as APS, SPring-8, PETRA III, ESRF [7,8], provide radiation of shorter wavelengths but of much less intensity which falls off very rapidly as λ decreases. Therefore, to create a powerful LS in the range well below 1 ˚ A, i.e. in the hard X and gamma ray band, one has to consider new approaches and technologies. In this article we discuss possibilities and perspectives for designing and practical realization of novel gammaray Crystal-based LSs (CLS) operating at photon energies Eph & 102 keV and above that can be constructed through exposure of oriented crystals (linear, bent and a
e-mail: [email protected] On leave from A.F. Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia. b
periodically bent crystals) to beams of ultrarelativistic charged particles. CLSs include C
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