Current breeding and genomic approaches to enhance the cane and sugar productivity under abiotic stress conditions
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REVIEW ARTICLE
Current breeding and genomic approaches to enhance the cane and sugar productivity under abiotic stress conditions Mintu Ram Meena1 · Ravinder Kumar1 · Appunu Chinnaswamy2 · Ramaiyan Karuppaiyan2 · Neeraj Kulshreshtha1 · Bakshi Ram2 Received: 28 April 2020 / Accepted: 28 August 2020 © King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology 2020
Abstract Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) crop is vulnerable to many abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, waterlogging, cold and high temperature due to climate change. Over the past few decades new breeding and genomic approaches have been used to enhance the genotypic performance under abiotic stress conditions. In sugarcane, introgression of genes from wild species and allied genera for abiotic stress tolerance traits plays a significant role in the development of several stress-tolerant varieties. Moreover, the genomics and transcriptomics approaches have helped to elucidate the key genes/TFs and pathways involved in abiotic stress tolerance in sugarcane. Several novel miRNAs families /proteins or regulatory elements that are responsible for drought, salinity, and cold tolerance have been identified through high-throughput sequencing. The existing sugarcane monoploid genome sequence information opens new gateways and opportunities for researchers to improve the desired traits through efficient genome editing tools, such as the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-Cas (CRISPR/Cas) system. TALEN mediated mutations in a highly conserved region of the caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) of sugarcane significantly reduces the lignin content in the cell wall which is amenable for biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass. In this review, we focus on current breeding with genomic approaches and their substantial role in enhancing cane production under the abiotic stress conditions, which is expected to provide new insights to plant breeders and biotechnologists to modify their strategy in developing stress-tolerant sugarcane varieties, which can highlight the future demand of cane, bio-energy, and viability of sugar industries. Keywords Abiotic stresses · Sugarcane · Genomic strategies · microRNA and genome editing
Introduction Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is one of the most important industrial crops across the world, which is predominantly grown for sugar and bioenergy in both tropical and subtropical regions. It occupies over 24.9 million hectares of area over 80 countries worldwide with a production capacity of 174 million tons (OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2019–2028). Global sugar demand is estimated to grow to 255 million tons from the present level of 174 million tons, as the population is expected to cross over 9 * Mintu Ram Meena [email protected] 1
Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Regional Center, Karnal, Haryana, India
Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
2
billion by 2050 (FAO 2017). India, Brazil, the EU, Thailand, China,
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