Current Practical Guidelines for the Most Common Nuclear Medicine Procedures

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46

Irene Marini, Onelio Geatti, and H. William Strauss

Contents 46.1      L  ymphoscintigraphy for Radio-­Guided Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Patients with Breast Cancer 46.1.1   Indications 46.1.2   Procedure 46.1.3   Precautions 46.1.4   Radiopharmaceuticals 46.1.5   Volume and Activity 46.1.6   Modality of Injection 46.1.7   Image Acquisition 46.1.8   Radioguided Surgery 46.1.9   Interpretation Criteria 46.1.10  Reporting

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46.2      L  ymphoscintigraphy for Radioguided Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Patients with Cutaneous Melanoma 46.2.1   Potential Contraindications 46.2.2   Procedure 46.2.3   Radiopharmaceuticals 46.2.4   Administration of Radiopharmaceutical 46.2.5   Image Acquisition 46.2.6   Dynamic Imaging 46.2.7   Early Static Images 46.2.8   Delayed Static Images 46.2.9   SPECT/CT 46.2.10  Image Interpretation and Report 46.2.11  Pitfalls 46.2.12  Sources of False-Negative Interpretation of Images 46.2.13  Procedure in the Operating Room 46.2.14  Gamma Probe 46.2.15  Possible Causes of False-Negative Results

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46.3      [18F]FDG PET/CT in Oncology 46.3.1   Common Clinical Indications for [18F]FDG PET/CT in Malignant Diseases 46.3.2   Procedure/Specification of the [18F]FDG PET/CT Scan

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I. Marini Nuclear Medicine Institute, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore and Nuclear Medicine Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy O. Geatti (*) Nuclear Medicine Center, University Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy H. W. Strauss Molecular Imaging and Therapy Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 D. Volterrani et al. (eds.), Nuclear Medicine Textbook, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95564-3_46

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I. Marini et al. 46.3.3   Instructions to Patients 46.3.4   Image Acquisition 46.3.5   CT Protocols for [18F]FDG PET/CT Studies

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46.4      Perfusion Brain SPECT 46.4.1   Common Clinical Indication for a Perfusion Brain SPECT Study 46.4.2   Instructions to Patients 46.4.3   Practical Instructions About Tracer Injection and Uptake Period 46.4.4   Image Acquisition 46.4.5   Reconstruction and Analysis

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46.5      Brain SPECT with 123I-Labelled Dopamine Transporter Ligands 46.5.1   Common Clinical Indication for a Dopamine Receptor Brain SPECT Study 46.5.2   Instructions to Patients 46.5.3   Practical Instructions About Tracer Injection and Uptake Period 46.5.4   Image Acquisition 46.5.5   Reconstruction and Analysis

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46.6      SPECT and PET with Dopamine D2 Receptor Ligands 46.6.1   Most Common Indication 46.6.2   Less Common Indications 46.6.3   Contraindications 46.6.4   Procedure 46.6.5   Timing of Injection 46.6.6   Administered Activity to Adul