Current status of optical coherence tomography
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CURRENT OPINION ARTICLE
Current status of optical coherence tomography Shigenobu Inami • Zuoyan Wang • Zhang Ming-juan Masamichi Takano • Kyoichi Mizuno
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Received: 14 September 2010 / Accepted: 6 February 2011 / Published online: 18 March 2011 Ó Japanese Association of Cardiovascular Intervention and Therapeutics 2011
Abstract Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a novel imaging technology based on low-coherence interferometry that use near-infrared light in real-time, and allows cross-sectional in-situ visualization of the vessel wall at the microscopic level. OCT provides 10-fold higher resolution than intravascular ultrasound which is currently the most used modality for intracoronary imaging. OCT offers the obvious advantages when characterizing precise plaque microstructure and distinguishing various type of plaques. OCT is also being assessed for its potential role in the understanding of neointimal coverage, vascular healing and the progression of atherosclerosis in coronary vasculature after stenting on the micron scale. These unique capabilities could be helpful in guiding coronary management and interventions. Recent improvement in next generation OCT technology, such as frequency-domain OCT, will allow for a simple imaging procedure, providing more useful information and complementing other modalities on both clinical and research applications for the cardiologists. Keywords Optical coherence tomography Imaging Coronary artery disease Stent Neointima
S. Inami (&) Z. Wang Z. Ming-juan K. Mizuno Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan e-mail: [email protected] M. Takano Cardiovascular Center, Chiba-Hokusoh Hospital, Nippon Medical School, Chiba, Japan
Introduction Intravascular imaging devices can offer information that is necessary for intervention therapy by clarifying the structure and tissue characteristics of vessels which cannot be depicted by traditional angiography, and they play an important role both in the elucidation of the pathology of coronary artery disease and guidance of clinical treatment. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a novel optical imaging technology that provides cross-sectional tomographic imaging which yields detailed structural information superior to any other currently available modality. In this review, this new imaging modality will be discussed with an emphasis on image interpretation.
Advancements in intravascular OCT systems 1st generation optical coherence tomography The first commercially available OCT system was the M2 OCT Imaging System (LightLab Imaging, Inc., Westford, MA, USA). The M2 OCT Imaging System has been included in the insurance coverage in Japan since 2008. The M2 OCT system uses a broadband light source that emits multiple wavelengths across a spectrum, and also is called time-domain OCT (TD-OCT). The image is formed by the backscattering of light from different sites of the tissue with a 15–20 lm axial resolution and 25–30 lm lateral resolution. The resolution of TD-OCT is a
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