Cyclic Properties of Artificially Cemented Gravel-Silty Clay Mixed Soils
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RESEARCH PAPER
Cyclic Properties of Artificially Cemented Gravel-Silty Clay Mixed Soils H.-j. Yu 1 & E.-l. Liu 1,2 Received: 29 January 2019 / Accepted: 30 April 2020 # The Society for Experimental Mechanics, Inc 2020
Abstract The aim of this paper is to provide an insight into the effect of fine content (FC) on the artificially cemented gravel-silty clay mixed soils (CMS) in terms of strength, deformation, effective stress path and pore pressure response by undrained cyclic triaxial tests. In addition, some cyclic triaxial tests were also conducted on remolded gravel-silty clay mixed soils (RMS) under the same test conditions in order to evaluate the effect of cementation provided by the cementitious material. The corresponding cyclic responses, such as the generation and accumulation of axial strain, pore pressure and effective stress path, are compared across a range of CMS and RMS. A constant 5% percentage (by weight) of calcium oxide in mixed soils with four different ratios of fine content (13%, 30%, 50% and 70%) are tested under four types of confining pressures, 50 kPa, 100 kPa, 200 kPa and 300 kPa respectively. The results demonstrate that: an increase in fine content leads to decrease in both strength and liquefaction resistance, but accelerate the strain accumulation and pore pressure development. The cyclic responses of CMS exhibit “hysteresis” significantly compared with those of RMS due to the bonding strength between soil particles. Keywords Artificially cemented mixed soils . Gravel – Silty clay . Cyclic triaxial test . Fine content . Cementation effect
Introduction Western China is rich in water resources, where the hydropower project and energy industry have played an important role in economic development there during the last 30 years, and over 8000 dams have been constructed in this area. However, with the construction of more and more dams, the dam sites with fine geological conditions have reduced gradually. Many hydroelectric projects are facing the problem of damming on thick overburden layer, most of which are composed of soils with cemented nature, found to be gravel-silty clay mixtures in widely varying proportions [1]. Those deformation properties are different from structured soft clay or Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s40799-020-00376-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * E.-l. Liu [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resources and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
2
State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
remolded soils due to their unique structural features, which are formed during the process of physicochemical reaction and geological deposition [2–4]. However, for lack of the technique of in situ sampling in thick overbur
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