d -allulose provides cardioprotective effect by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in obesity-induced insulin
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ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION
d‑allulose provides cardioprotective effect by attenuating cardiac
mitochondrial dysfunction in obesity‑induced insulin‑resistant rats
Wanpitak Pongkan1,4 · Kewarin Jinawong1,2,3 · Wasana Pratchayasakul1,2,3 · Thidarat Jaiwongkam1,2,3 · Sasiwan Kerdphoo1,2,3 · Masaaki Tokuda5 · Siriporn C. Chattipakorn1,2,3 · Nipon Chattipakorn1,2,3 Received: 27 June 2020 / Accepted: 21 September 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose Obesity-induced insulin resistant is associated with cardiovascular diseases via impairing cardiac mitochondria. Recently, d-allulose could protect β-islets and improve insulin resistance. However, the effects of d-allulose on the heart and cardiac mitochondrial function under obesity-induced insulin-resistant condition has not been investigated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of d-allulose on metabolic parameters, cardiac function, heart rate variability (HRV), cardiac mitochondrial function, and apoptosis in the heart of obesity-induced insulin-resistant rats induced by chronic high fat diet consumption. Methods Male Wistar rats (n = 24) received a normal fat diet (ND) or high fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. Then, HFD group was randomly divided into three subgroups to receive (1) HFD with distilled water, (2) HFD with 3% D-allulose 1.9 g/ kg·BW/ day (HFR), and (3) HFD with metformin 300 mg/kg·BW/ day (HFM) by diluted in drinking water daily for 12 weeks. At week 24, proposed study parameters were investigated. Results Chronic HFD consumption induced obesity-induced insulin resistant in rats and high fat diet impaired cardiac function and HRV. HFR rats had improved insulin sensitivity as indicated by decreasing HOMA index, plasma insulin, whereas HFM decreased body weight, visceral fat, plasma cholesterol, and plasma LDL. HFR and HFM provided similar efficacy in improving HRV and attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to improved cardiac function. Conclusions Even though this is the first investigation of the d-allulose impact on the heart with a relatively small sample size, it clearly demonstrated a beneficial effect on the heart. d-allulose exerted a therapeutic effect on metabolic parameters except for body weight and lipid profiles and provided cardioprotective effects similar to metformin via attenuating cardiac mitochondrial function in obesity-induced insulin-resistant rats. Keywords d-allulose · Metformin · Cardiovascular health · Rat model · Diet-induced insulin resistance
* Nipon Chattipakorn [email protected] 1
Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
2
Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
3
Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
4
Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai
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