Dating Neurological Injury: A Forensic Guide for Radiologists, Other
Dating Neurological Injury: A Forensic Guide for Radiologists, Other Expert Medical Witnesses, and Attorneys presents a unique way to approach the dating of neurological injury as imaged by modern computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR) and ultr
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Dating Neurological Injury A Forensic Guide for Radiologists, Other Expert Medical Witnesses, and Attorneys
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Dating Neurological Injury
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Jeff L. Creasy
Dating Neurological Injury A Forensic Guide for Radiologists, Other Expert Medical Witnesses, and Attorneys
Jeff L. Creasy Associate Professor of Neuroradiology Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN USA [email protected]
ISBN 978-1-60761-249-0 e-ISBN 978-1-60761-250-6 DOI 10.1007/978-1-60761-250-6 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibil-ity for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or im-plied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
Why do we need a book on the dating of neurological injury? Over the last decade, I have personally reviewed more than 80 medical–legal cases related to neurological disease in which some aspect of the case involved imaging technology. Many cases – in clinical situations, such as alleged birthrelated hypoxia or ischemia, surgically-related injuries, or trauma-induced spinal cord or brain substance abnormalities, for example – shared the need both to detect the presence of an injury and to date the time it occurred. While a minority of cases involved the misdiagnosis of an aneurysm, a delayed diagnosis of spinal fracture, or orbital injury during a surgical procedure, the large majority of cases used modern imaging, first to detect if an injury had occurred to the brain substance or the spinal cord (collectively referred to as the central nervous system) and second to determine, if an injury did occur, at what time it occurred. In a medical–legal setting, the interplay between the radiographic findings and the clinical findings has several possible scenarios. On one extreme, the imaging findings may be so unequivocal that no doubt exists as to what occurred and even little doubt about when it occurred. On the opposite extreme, the radiologic findings may be either completely n
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