Decomposing the global carbon balance pressure index: evidence from 77 countries
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Decomposing the global carbon balance pressure index: evidence from 77 countries Jiandong Chen 1 & Zhiwen Li 2 & Malin Song 3
&
Yizhe Dong 4
Received: 14 June 2020 / Accepted: 28 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Understanding the relationship between carbon emissions and vegetation carbon sequestration is essential for reducing the greenhouse effect. In this study, we constructed a carbon balance pressure index to measure the eco-environment pressure caused by carbon emissions in 77 countries from 2000 to 2015, and the logarithmic mean Divisia index decomposition method was used to identify the key factors related to carbon balance pressure. As the change in vegetation carbon sequestration is relatively stable, carbon emissions have become the direct cause of the rise in the global carbon balance pressure. The carbon balance pressure in advanced economies decreased slowly, while that in emerging economies increased but the growth rate decreased. The decomposition results showed that carbon intensity is the main factor restraining the rise of carbon balance pressure, while GDP per capita and land population pressure are the main driving forces, and vegetation carbon sequestration intensity plays only a small role. Further analysis showed that the restraining effect of carbon intensity can offset the incremental effect of GDP per capita in advanced economies, and the vegetation carbon sequestration intensity also has a positive impact, but not in emerging economies. Besides, different factors play different roles depending on the country. The conclusions were also supported by various robustness tests. Keywords Carbon balance pressure . Carbon emissions . Vegetation carbon sequestration . LMDI method . Key factors . 77 countries
Introduction Industrialization and urbanization have boosted the rapid development of the global economy (Cialani 2007; Pan et al. 2019), but it has also created serious environmental problems. Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, especially carbon dioxide from burning fossil fuels, are the leading cause of ongoing climate change (Davis and Caldeira 2010; Nejat
et al. 2015). Since the Paris Agreement was signed, many countries have announced the goal of “Intended Nationally Determined Contributions,” in an attempt to limit the global average temperature rise to within 2 °C compared to the preindustrial level and to tackle global warming (Liu et al. 2016; Choi et al. 2017; Nabernegg et al. 2019). At present, the task of global carbon emission reductions is complex and involves many barriers; it is predicted that by 2030, global carbon
Responsible editor: Nicholas Apergis * Malin Song [email protected]
1
School of Public Administration, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, People’s Republic of China
Jiandong Chen [email protected]
2
School of Public Administration, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, People’s Republic of China
Zhiwe
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