Decrystallization, Magnetic-Property Changes Caused at Sub-Melting-Point Temperatures Using Microwave Processing
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All the Right Properties…
enriched SFA. The SFA vertically segregates to the top of the PSPEO layer at the air–water interface. The mixed films were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), revealing nanoscale periodic structures. The AFM images showed that their surface structures are honeycomb-like, having a hump at the center with a periodicity of about 40 nm. The same pattern was shown in all films regardless of the polymer grafting density, but the ordering increased with increasing polymer grafting density. Although the researchers prepared Langmuir–Blodgett films of a SFA and a PS-PEO diblock copolymer, more detailed structural analysis, such as the composition of the humps and honeycomb walls, and a systematic route to prepare this structured material need to be further investigated. YUE HU
Ancient Rust-Proof Iron Pillar Possibly Protected by Layer of “Misawite” (δ-FeOOH)
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A 1600-year-old wrought-iron pillar that stands near New Delhi, India, as a well-known landmark and tourist site has intrigued metallurgists and historians for centuries. Subjected to heat, humidity, and even a direct cannonball hit, the pillar has remained essentially rust-proof. Several theories have been suggested for its virtually rust-free condition. The mystery now appears to have been solved due to the work of metallurgist R. Balasubramaniam from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. The Delhi iron pillar was built in the 4th century AD, and stands 23 ft tall with a diameter of 16.5 in. at the bottom and 12.5 in. at the top. It is estimated to weigh ~6.5 tons. It is considered to be the biggest hand-forged block of iron from antiquity. In an article published in the November issue of Current Science, Balasubramaniam demonstrates that the lack of rust is due to the formation of a protective layer of misawite (δ-FeOOH), as well as a layer of crystalline phosphates, catalyzed by the presence of compara
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