Dedicated algorithm and software for the integrated analysis of AC and DC electrical outputs of piezoelectric vibration
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DOI 10.1007/s12206-014-0949-x
Dedicated algorithm and software for the integrated analysis of AC and DC electrical outputs of piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters†Jae Eun Kim* School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan-si , Gyeongsangbuk-do, 712-702, Korea (Manuscript Received February 25, 2014; Revised July 10, 2014; Accepted August 7, 2014) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract DC electrical outputs of a piezoelectric vibration energy harvester by nonlinear rectifying circuitry can hardly be obtained either by any mathematical models developed so far or by finite element analysis. To address the issue, this work used an equivalent electrical circuit model and newly developed an algorithm to efficiently identify relevant circuit parameters of arbitrarily-shaped cantilevered piezoelectric energy harvesters. The developed algorithm was then realized as a dedicated software module by adopting ANSYS finite element analysis software for the parameters identification and the Tcl/Tk programming language for a graphical user interface and linkage with ANSYS. For verifications, various AC electrical outputs by the developed software were compared with those by traditional finite element analysis. DC electrical outputs through rectifying circuitry were also examined for varying values of the smoothing capacitance and load resistance. Keywords: Piezoelectricity; Vibration energy harvesting; Equivalent electrical circuit model; DC electrical output; Algorithm; Dedicated software ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Introduction Piezoelectricity has been preferably employed as a mechanical-to-electrical energy conversion means in the vibration energy harvesting technology because of its promising power density and high energy conversion efficiency [1-5]. To understand physical behavior and study effects of various design parameters, earlier researches mainly focused on mathematical models for cantilevered piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs) (see Refs. [6-8] and the references therein). However, mathematical models and more general threedimensional finite element analysis (FEA) can hardly evaluate DC electrical outputs because even a single full-wave rectifier attached to a PEH produces high nonlinearity. To address this issue, some works [9-11] employed equivalent electrical circuit models (EECMs) and attempted to analyze DC electrical outputs through rectifying circuitry attached to PEHs. Various EECMs have been proposed to analyze and design piezoelectric sensors and
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