Deformation Behavior of Powder Metallurgy Connecting Rod Preform During Hot Forging Based on Hot Compression and Finite
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POWDER metallurgy (P/M) is a promising approach to reduce production costs and improve material performance, especially in hot forging of connecting rods. The materials saved approximately 20 to 40 pct of the workpiece. Powder forging connecting rod technology combines the advantages of P/M and precision forging with high material utilization and mechanical properties; it not only offers a convenient method for incorporating inexpensive alloying elements, but also a good pathway to obtain near-net-shape parts. The powder-forged connecting rod has strong potential for commercial use in the automobile industry. The powder-forged connecting rod with a complex geometry shape is composed of the small end, the big end, and a beamlike shank. Its manufacturing process involves the fabrication of a connecting rod preform by the conventional P/M processing technique, followed by a forging process to its final shape with substantial densification.[1] Generally, the P/M connecting rod FENGXIAN LI and JIANHONG YI are with the Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China. Contact e-mail: [email protected] JU¨RGEN ECKERT is with the Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science, 8700 Leoben, Austria. Manuscript submitted July 8, 2016. Article published online March 28, 2017 METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
preforms approximately with a relative density of 0.7 to 0.8, which always leads to a problem of nonuniform density distribution in the connecting rod. In order to control hot forging yield in the manufacture of connecting rod with a high density and excellent mechanical properties, it is inevitable to correctly interpret the P/M material constitutive model and to properly control the processing parameters. In many cases, the deformation behavior of the P/M connecting rod preforms during hot forging has not been fully understood. Inspection of the available literature demonstrates that the finite element method (FEM)[2–4] used for mechanical behavior simulation and the hot-pressing map[5–9] is critical in the design analysis process. Liao et al. studied the hot deformation behaviors of Al-Si-Mg alloys by hot compressive tests using a Gleebe-3500 thermal simulator.[5] Xu and Wang used hot compression tests to establish the constitutive equation, power dissipation maps, and hot processing maps of sprayformed LSHR alloy.[6] Yang et al. established the constitutive modeling of the GH4169 superalloy during linear friction welding by thermophysical simulation.[7] It should be noted that the constitutive equation, power dissipation maps, and hot processing maps can provide valuable information about the physical properties of materials. Since there is a substantial amount of porosity content in the P/M connecting rod preforms, VOLUME 48A, JUNE 2017—2971
the material flow behavior of the P/M Fe-Cu-C alloy during hot forging should be clarified. However, studies focused on the deformation behavior of the P/M Fe-Cu-C alloy, during the connecting rods forging processing using power dissipation maps and h
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