Delivering Personalized Protective Behavioral Drinking Strategies via a Smartphone Intervention: a Pilot Study
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Delivering Personalized Protective Behavioral Drinking Strategies via a Smartphone Intervention: a Pilot Study Renee O’Donnell 1
&
Ben Richardson 2 & Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz 1 & Petra K. Staiger 1,3
Published online: 3 June 2019 # International Society of Behavioral Medicine 2019
Abstract Background Smartphone-based interventions are a potentially effective way to minimize alcohol-related harm in young adult, non-dependent drinkers. This pilot study is the first to evaluate the benefits and feasibility of a personalized alcohol harmminimization intervention delivered via smartphones. Methods Within a single-blind, randomized controlled design, 45 young adults were randomly assigned to either the intervention app (n = 25; 18 females; Mage = 21.36 years, SDage = 4.15 years) or the control app (n = 20; 18 females; Mage = 22.75; SDage = 4.41). The two primary outcomes were frequency of risky drinking and drinking-related harms, and the secondary outcome was frequency of protective behavioral strategies (PBS) use. All outcomes were measured at baseline and immediately post-intervention. Using the Enlight framework [1], usability was evaluated via structured one-on-one phone interviews with a subgroup of six participants from the intervention group (3 females; Mage = 19.5 years, SDage = 1.64). Results There was no significant reduction in the primary outcomes from baseline to post-intervention across the groups. For the secondary outcome, the application of PBS within drinking contexts increased at follow-up for those in the intervention group but not for control participants. End-users rated the app as highly usable but had some concerns with repetition of the apprecommended strategies. Conclusions This intervention, designed to reduce risky drinking behaviors among young adults, was rated as highly usable and was shown to increase the application of harm minimization strategies within drinking contexts. While the intervention and its delivery show promise, it did not appear to mitigate risky drinking behaviors. Implications of this research and future directions are discussed. Trial Registration This trial is registered at the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: BLINDED. Keywords Smartphone intervention . Young adults . Risky drinking . Harm minimization . Pilot . Outcomes . Usability
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-019-09789-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Petra K. Staiger [email protected] Renee O’Donnell [email protected] Ben Richardson [email protected] Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz [email protected] 1
Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
2
The Cairnmillar Institute, Melbourne, Australia
3
Centre of Drug Use, Addictive and Anti-social Behaviours Research (CEDAAR), Deakin University, Victoria, Australia
Overview Traditionally, alcohol reduction interv
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