Dental implant location via surface scanner: a pilot study
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Dental implant location via surface scanner: a pilot study Miao Zhou1†, Hui Zhou1,2†, Shu‑yi Li1 and Yuan‑ming Geng3*
Abstract Purpose: Implant location is performed after placement to verify that the safety of neighboring anatomic structure and the realizability of prosthetic plan. Routine postoperative location is based on radiological scanning and raises the concerns on radiation exposure and inconveniency in practice. In the present study a location method based on surface scanning was introduced and the accuracy of this method was assessed in vitro. Material and methods: A total of 40 implants were placed in 10 resin mandible models. The models were scanned with intraoral scanner (IS group) and extraoral scanner (ES group). The implant position was located with fusing the images of surface scanning and cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) after implant placement. Deviations were measured between positions located by surface scanner and postoperative CBCT with the parameters: central deviation at apex (cda), central deviation at hex (cdh), horizontal deviation at apex (hda), horizontal deviation at hex (hdh), vertical deviation at apex (vda), vertical deviation at hex (vdh) and angular deviation (ad). Results: In IS group, the mean value of cda, cdh, hda, hdh, vda, vdh and ad was 0.27 mm, 0.23 mm, 0.12 mm, 0.10 mm, 0.21 mm, 0.19 mm and 0.72°, respectively. In ES group, the mean value of cda, cdh, hda, hdh, vda, vdh and ad was 0.28 mm, 0.25 mm 0.14 mm, 0.11 mm, 0.22 mm, 0.20 mm and 0.68°, respectively. The implant deviations in IS and ES groups were of no significant difference for any of the measurements. Conclusions: Dental implant can be located via surface scanner with acceptable accuracy for postoperative verifica‑ tion. Further clinical investigation is needed to assess the feasibility of the method. Keywords: Dental implant, Accuracy, Digital impression, Intraoral scanner, Extraoral scanner, Cone beam computerized tomography Backgrounds Although the position of oral implant could be planned quite perfectly before surgery, implant deviation is inevitable regardless of guidance strategy and operator experience [1, 2]. Postoperative examination is required routinely to confirm that the critical anatomical structures are well preserved, and the implant is placed in
*Correspondence: [email protected] † Miao Zhou and Hui Zhou have contributed equally to this work 3 Department of Stomatology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Gongyedadaozhong Road 253, Guangzhou 510282, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
the planned position that favors the following prosthetic restoration. For present, the methods to assess the inserted implant are mostly based on radiology, such as intraoral radiography, panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). CBCT offers the threedimensional view on the implant and adjacent tissue, and is thought to be the most accurate way to locate the implant position [3]. But due to the
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