Democracy and Crisis Challenges in Turbulent Times
In light of the public and scholarly debates on the challenges and problems of established democracies, such as a lack of participation, declining confidence in political elites, and the deteriorating capabilities of democratic institutions, this volume d
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mocracy and Crisis Challenges in Turbulent Times
Democracy and Crisis
Wolfgang Merkel • Sascha Kneip Editors
Democracy and Crisis Challenges in Turbulent Times
Editors Wolfgang Merkel WZB Berlin Social Science Center and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Berlin, Germany
Sascha Kneip WZB Berlin Social Science Center Berlin, Germany
ISBN 978-3-319-72558-1 ISBN 978-3-319-72559-8 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72559-8
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2018930985 © Springer International Publishing AG 2018 Translation based on German language edition: Demokratie und Krise. Zum schwierigen Verh€ altnis von Theorie und Empirie, Springer VS, 2015. All Rights Reserved. This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Contents
1
Challenge or Crisis of Democracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wolfgang Merkel
Part I
1
Participation
2
Crisis of Democracy? Views of Experts and Citizens . . . . . . . . . . . . Werner Krause and Wolfgang Merkel
31
3
Political Inequality in Voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bernhard Weßels
49
4
Are Programmatic Alternatives Disappearing? The Quality of Election Manifestos in 21 OECD Countries Since the 1950s . . . . Andrea Volkens and Nicolas Merz
5
Are Right-Wing Populist Parties a Threat to Democracy? . . . . . . . Marcus Spittler
Part II
71 97
Representation
6
Inequality in Political Representation: Is the Lower Social Stratum Worse Represented? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 Pola Lehmann, Sven Regel, and Sara Schlote
7
Decline or Change? Party Types and the Crisis of Representative Democracy . . . . .
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