Dental Implant Survival after Postoperative Infection
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Dental Implant Survival after Postoperative Infection Reza Tabrizi1
•
Roya Zarchini1 • Birkan Taha Ozkan2
•
Shobeir Majdi1
Received: 10 May 2020 / Accepted: 27 September 2020 Ó The Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons of India 2020
Abstract Purpose Early postoperative infection can lead to dental implant failure. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of failed and survived implants after acute postoperative infection and the related factors. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional cohort evaluated early infection after dental implant surgery. The study variables included the site of implant placement, age and gender of patients, bone augmentation, postoperative antibiotic therapy, smoking, and time of infection occurrence or diagnosis. Failed and survived implants were the outcome of the study. The patients were studied in 2 groups of survived implants (group 1) and failed implants (group 2). Results Thirty-four (3.46%) out of 980 patients developed a postoperative infection following implant placement, which included 25 males and 9 females. Ten implants (29.4%) survived (group 1), and 24 implants (70.6%) failed (group 2). There were significant differences between the 2 groups regarding the number of smoker patients, fresh socket or delayed implant placement, patients who received bone graft, and the meantime of diagnosis (P \ 0.05). Regarding the covariates, the Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that the risk of implant failure in patients who did not receive postoperative antibiotic therapy increased by 1.1 times (hazard ratio) when infection occurred four days after surgery. In patients who received & Reza Tabrizi [email protected] 1
Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2
Institute of Health Science, Toros University, Toros, Mersin, Turkey
postoperative antibiotics, the risk of failure increased when infection occurred after 6 days in smokers and after 9 days in non-smokers. Conclusion Considering the study results, it seems that smoking, early infection, fresh socket placement, and placement of implants along with bone substitutes may increase the failure rate after acute infection in dental implant placement. Keywords Implant Infection Bone Antibiotic
Introduction Dental implant placement is the standard treatment for replacement of the lost or missing teeth. Despite the high success rate of dental implants, failures still occur [1]. A failing implant is characterized by progressive loss of the supporting bone while the implant is clinically immobile, whereas a failed implant is clinically mobile [2]. Failed implants should be extracted, while failing implants may be salvaged if diagnosed early and managed promptly [3]. Implant failure can be classified as early or late. Early failures occur before the osseointegration and prosthetic restoration, while late failures often occur after loading [4]. Factors responsible for early implant failure include patients’ systemic health problems, habits such as smoking, poor quality, an
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