Describing Different Brain Computer Interface Systems Through a Unique Model: A UML Implementation
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Describing Different Brain Computer Interface Systems Through a Unique Model: A UML Implementation Lucia Rita Quitadamo & Maria Grazia Marciani & Gian Carlo Cardarilli & Luigi Bianchi
Published online: 8 July 2008 # Humana Press 2008
Abstract All the protocols currently implemented in brain computer interface (BCI) experiments are characterized by different structural and temporal entities. Moreover, due to the lack of a unique descriptive model for BCI systems, there is not a standard way to define the structure and the timing of a BCI experimental session among different research groups and there is also great discordance on the meaning of the most common terms dealing with BCI, such as trial, run and session. The aim of this paper is to provide a unified modeling language (UML) implementation of BCI systems through a unique dynamic model which is able to describe the main protocols defined in the literature (P300, μ-rhythms, SCP, SSVEP, fMRI) and demonstrates to be reasonable and adjustable according to different requirements. This model includes a set of definitions of the typical entities encountered in a BCI, diagrams which explain the structural correlations among them and a L. R. Quitadamo : M. G. Marciani : L. Bianchi (*) Neuroscience Dept., University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133, Rome, Italy e-mail: [email protected] G. C. Cardarilli Electronic Engineering Dept., University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via di Tor Vergata 110, 00133, Rome, Italy M. G. Marciani : L. Bianchi IRCCS Fondazione S. Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179, Rome, Italy L. Bianchi Centro di Bio Medicina Spaziale, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica snc, 00133, Rome, Italy
detailed description of the timing of a trial. This last represents an innovation with respect to the models already proposed in the literature. The UML documentation and the possibility of adapting this model to the different BCI systems built to date, make it a basis for the implementation of new systems and a mean for the unification and dissemination of resources. The model with all the diagrams and definitions reported in the paper are the core of the body language framework, a free set of routines and tools for the implementation, optimization and delivery of cross-platform BCI systems. Keywords BCI . UML . Functional model . Trial structure
Introduction Brain computer interface (BCI) systems are a set of technologies which try to help people with severe muscular disabilities to communicate with the external environment by translating their intents into commands toward external peripherals (Wolpaw et al. 2002). BCI systems are usually formed by two functional blocks, as illustrated in Fig. 1: the transducer and the control interface (Mason et al. 2005). The transducer deals with the acquisition and processing of physiological signals and gives as output a logical symbol (LS), which belongs to a logical alphabet (LA) and which represents the output of the classifier. In general there is a one to o
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