Designing the parameters of an FSS antenna for communication systems using an enhanced UTC-PSO approach
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Designing the parameters of an FSS antenna for communication systems using an enhanced UTC‑PSO approach K. Nishanth Rao1 · Vaibhav Meshram1 · H. N. Suresh2 Received: 13 August 2019 / Accepted: 18 July 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In recent years, communications-based applications have become increasingly important, depending principally on the design, architecture, and performance of the antenna. The design for an antenna for use in a proposed system must consider its range of applications in several fields. The use of a Frequency-Selective Surface (FSS) is proposed herein to vary the performance based on the design parameters. The FSS is optimized herein using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) enhaned Ultra Wideband Tightly Coupled Array with Resistive FSS (denoted as the PSO-UTC-FSS approach). The PSO technique improves the accuracy of the designed antenna parameters. The FSS maintains the gain while reducing the bandwidth interference. Using these concepts, the losses are minimized, hence improving the radiation efficiency, gain, bandwidth ratio, etc. Keywords FSS · PSO · TCA · UWB · EW
1 Introduction Recently, FSS approaches [1] have played a vital role in antenna design for controlling the interaction profile with electromagnetic waves. They are periodic in nature, and the planar combination of metallic elements on a dielectric substrate provides more accurate transmission characteristics compared with band rejection over a wide frequency band. Due to the occurrence of resonance in the FSS, the reflection loss can be reduced [2]. The usage of tightly coupled arrays (TCAs) [3] is the most suitable choice for these applications, as they provide a wider bandwidth while offering a low profile and easier integration [4]. The impressive impedance bandwidth of such devices is due to the spiral array obtained by dividing transmission lines based upon their properties. Many applications use such low-profile arrays due to their simple conformal integration. Single wideband apertures that combine several functionalities are generally used in mobile platforms * K. Nishanth Rao [email protected] 1
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dayananda Sagar University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Technology, Bangalore Institute of Technology, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
2
and communication systems. In addition Ultra-Wideband (UWB) apertures are used in Electronic Warfare (EW) applications rather than single wideband apertures [5]. The tight coupling mechanism can be used to recover the bandwidth of the antenna [6]. To improve the bandwidth and generate a good radiation pattern, the tightly coupled dipoles are arranged in a circular pattern. Such antennas with ultra wideband, high gain, and reduced size and thickness compared with the wavelength are suitable for conformal installation. Tightly coupled arrays are thus required for application in various electronic fields. An FSS with a
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