Nonuniform Semi-patches for Designing an Ultra Wideband PIFA Antenna by Using Genetic Algorithm Optimization
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Nonuniform Semi‑patches for Designing an Ultra Wideband PIFA Antenna by Using Genetic Algorithm Optimization Saida Ibnyaich1 · Layla Wakrim1 · Moha M’Rabet Hassani1 Accepted: 29 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) is widely used in mobile and portable radio devices due to its good performance. However, it is rarely used as an ultra wideband antenna due to its narrow band characteristics. In this paper, we propose a new method of designing the ultra wideband PIFA antenna by using a genetic algorithm. The radiating plate of the proposed antenna is optimized by using three different sizes of rectangular semi-patches. The genetic algorithm optimization is used to define the location and the size of the suitable semi-patches in order to achieve an ultra wideband PIFA antenna. The suggested antenna is a new ultra wideband PIFA antenna with nonuniform semi-patches for Wi-Fi/ Bluetooth/LTE/WLAN/WIMAX/HIPERLAN-2/5G applications with a very large bandwidth ( S11 < −6dB ) starting from 2.3 to 6 GHz to cover the major part of the mobile phone frequencies. Three operating resonance frequencies appeared at 2.4 GHz, 3.95 GHz, and 5.13 GHz. All these three resonant frequencies show better impedance matching with convenient gain and omnidirectional radiation pattern. The proposed PIFA antenna design is printed on a substrate named FR4 epoxy and having a total dimension of 30 × 15 × 5.4 mm3 . Besides, the proposed ultra wideband PIFA antenna has a compact size and achieved a good performance, which makes it appropriate for mobile in several applications. Keywords PIFA antenna · Ultra wideband antenna · Genetic algorithm · Semi-patch · Wideband · Nonuniform
1 Introduction With the rapid development of wireless communications, mobile objects (smartphones, laptops, tablets, etc.) require ultra wideband (UWB) and miniature antennas with low-cost and high-performances. A UWB system is defined as any radio system that has a bandwidth larger than 25% of the centre frequency [1]. Small size is becoming very important due to the increased number of antennas integrated into handsets to provide wide-ranging functionality such as Bluetooth, WiFi, GPS. The main challenge to design an ultra
* Saida Ibnyaich [email protected] 1
I2SP Team, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
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wideband antennas is to maintain good performance over a very large bandwidth while having a small dimension. The planar antennas are a generation of antennas boasting the attractive features required. One of them is the planar inverted F antenna (PIFA), because of their small volume and low profile. PIFAs (planar inverted F antennas) are a promising alternative to meet the requirements for mobile handset antennas. A PIFA operates at a resonant length of 𝜆/4; it is highly proposed to a small, lightweight design and suitable for use as an internal antenna [2]. However, because the PIFA featu
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