Determination of the Vehicle Relocation Triggering Threshold in Electric Car-Sharing System
The electric car-sharing system is an arising and promising urban transportation mode. Vehicle unbalance usually occurs in multi-station electric car-sharing systems. Threshold triggering method is the most practicable approach for vehicle relocation, whi
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Abstract The electric car-sharing system is an arising and promising urban transportation mode. Vehicle unbalance usually occurs in multi-station electric car-sharing systems. Threshold triggering method is the most practicable approach for vehicle relocation, while determination of thresholds is the key problem. This paper presents a method for the thresholds determination. First, a prototype of two-stage method is proposed to illustrate the function of upper and lower thresholds. Subsequently, an optimization-based model is derived to determine the thresholds under the objective of minimizing the out-of-service rate and number of moving vehicles. Order data of EVCard system in Shanghai, China was employed to test the method. The results indicate that the proposed calculative method lead to relative better service rate and less moving times. Keywords Car sharing determination EVCard
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Electric vehicle
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Vehicle relocation
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Threshold
1 Introduction Car-sharing system has been regarded as an emerging promising transportation mode, which contains a fleet of vehicles and several stations that allows members to access and return immediately and pay for their occupation hourly [1]. Technically, car-sharing system requires high quality of information accessibility and high efficiency of payment, while the popularity of mobile communication makes it possible for users to access information freely and instantly. Economically, conG. Cao ⋅ Y. Jin ⋅ J. Yu ⋅ A. He Shanghai International Automobile City Group Co., Ltd., 904A, No.888, South Moyu Road, Anting Town, Jiading District, Shanghai 201805, China L. Wang (✉) ⋅ W. Ma ⋅ Q. Liu ⋅ T. Fu College of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Cao’an Road, Shanghai 201804, China e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016 Y. Jia et al. (eds.), Proceedings of 2016 Chinese Intelligent Systems Conference, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 404, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-2338-5_2
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temporary people are becoming more inclined to share cars instead of owning a car due to the low frequency of usage of a car and the low costs of electric vehicle (EV) [2]. Researches also suggest that car-sharing system has advantages on improving mobility, lowering emission, reducing traffic congestion, and saving parking space. During the past decade, car-sharing mode has been widely practiced in Europe, North America, Japan, and Singapore [3–6]. Since the recent 5 years, as a result of a combination of the Internet revolution, the sharing economy boom, the awareness of resource and energy consumption, and the consciousness of carbon emission and pollution, car-sharing mode have obtained more and more attention as a new component in urban transportation structures. In China, the clear energy vehicle encouragement policy stimulates the electric vehicle sharing mode as a frontier to popularize the electric vehicle, which makes the electric car-sharing system as an arising market in urban transportation in China [7]. Multi-stat
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