Developing Adaptation Policy and Practice in Europe: Multi-level Governance of Climate Change

Mitigation is necessary, but will not be sufficient for us to avoid climate change – given existing emission levels, we will also need to adapt to the consequences of climate change. “Developing Adaptation Policy and Practice in Europe: Multi-level Govern

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Developing Adaptation Policy and Practice in Europe: Multi-level Governance of Climate Change Edited by

E. Carina H. Keskitalo Political Science/Department of Social and Economic Geography, Umeå University, Sweden

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Editor Dr. E. Carina H. Keskitalo Political Science/Department of Social and Economic Geography Umeå University 901 87 Umeå Sweden [email protected]

ISBN 978-90-481-9324-0 e-ISBN 978-90-481-9325-7 DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-9325-7 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2010930854 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Cover illustration: Cover image © 2010 JupiterImages Corporation Photo text: Trees submerged by a flood Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Acknowledgements

This work largely began in 2006, at which time I was a visiting scholar at the Environmental Change Institute at Oxford University, and had the opportunity to join in some of the UK Climate Impacts Programme (UKCIP) consultations with regional climate change partnerships. What surprised me at that time was the advanced stage of adaptation at regional and in some cases even local levels – and the relatively broad awareness of adaptation needs in many of these cases. The experience led me to develop a research project application to study the differences in adaptation to climate change in European countries. The project was funded by the Swedish Research Council in 2007 under the title ‘Organising Adaptation to Climate Change in Europe’ (EUR-ADAPT). For David Ellison’s contribution (Chapter 2), we are also grateful for the support of the Future Forests research programme, funded under a call by the Mistra Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research. In addition to this volume, the projects outputs have also included several articles. Both the editor and authors would like to extend sincere thanks to each of the over 100 policy-makers, civil servants and NGO representatives at different levels in each case study country who agreed to support the study with their knowledge on adaptation policy and processes – without you this study would have been impossible to undertake. We are thankful to all the interviewees who commented on our interpretation of the data and on the way adaptation policy had developed in the time after the interviews had been conducted. We also want to thank the many reviewers and patient readers who helped us to develop the volume into its final format, who commented on full chapters as well as individual case study sections in the comparative chapter (Chapter 7), and who supported