Development and validation of a simulation workload measure: the simulation task load index (SIM-TLX)
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Development and validation of a simulation workload measure: the simulation task load index (SIM‑TLX) David Harris1 · Mark Wilson1 · Samuel Vine1 Received: 13 April 2019 / Accepted: 11 December 2019 © The Author(s) 2019
Abstract Virtual reality (VR) simulation offers significant potential for human factors training as it provides a novel approach which enables training in environments that are otherwise dangerous, impractical or expensive to simulate. While VR training has been adopted in many environments, such as heavy industry, surgery and aviation, there remains an inadequate understanding of how virtual simulations impact cognitive factors. One such factor, which needs careful consideration during the design of VR simulations, is the degree of mental or cognitive load experienced during training. This study aimed to validate a newly developed measure of workload, based on existing instruments (e.g. the NASA-TLX), but tailored to the specific demands placed on users of simulated environments. While participants completed a VR puzzle game, a series of experimental manipulations of workload were used to assess the sensitivity of the new instrument. The manipulations affected the questionnaire subscales (mental demands; physical demands; temporal demands; frustration; task complexity; situational stress; distraction; perceptual strain; task control; presence) as predicted in all cases (ps
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