Development of Ce- and Eu-doped TlSr 2 Cl 5 scintillators
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Development of Ce‑ and Eu‑doped TlSr2Cl5 scintillators Miki Arai1 · Keisuke Takahashi1 · Yutaka Fujimoto1 · Masanori Koshimizu1 · Takayuki Yanagida2 · Keisuke Asai1 Received: 23 June 2020 / Accepted: 17 July 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Luminescence and scintillation properties of E u2+- and C e3+-doped TlSr2Cl5 crystals are reported for large effective atomic number (Zeff = 63.7) that have potential applications in X-ray and gamma ray detection. We have previously developed TlSr2Cl5 crystalline scintillators. To improve the scintillation properties of TlSr2Cl5, Ce3+ and Eu2+ were doped into the crystals in this study. The scintillation emission bands of E u2+-doped TlSr2Cl5 were observed at 420 nm and those for C e3+-doped TlSr2Cl5 were observed at 380, 450, and 500 nm. Band peaks at 450 and 500 nm were similar to those of undoped T lSr2Cl5, u2+-doped TlSr2Cl5 which are characteristic of self-activated thallium-based chloride crystals. The light yields of Ce3+- and E were estimated to be approximately 16,000 and 21,000 photons/MeV, respectively. The light yield of Eu2+-doped TlSr2Cl5 is higher than that of undoped T lSr2Cl5 crystals (19,000 photons/MeV). It was suggested that E u2+ is more suitable dopant for TlSr2Cl5 than Ce3+. The higher light yield of E u2+-doped TlSr2Cl5 is due to the emissions by E u2+ ions, which makes it easier to distinguish peaks from noise and improve the energy resolution.
1 Introduction Scintillation detectors for X-ray and gamma ray detection are used in various fields, such as in computer tomography medical devices [1] and in radiography security systems [2]. Scintillators convert radiation energy into UV or visible photons, and are connected to a photon detector, such as a photomultiplier tube (PMT), to convert photons into electrical signals in a sensing device. The scintillator has great influence on the performance of the detection device, since conversion of photons to electrical signals by PMT is generally faster than the duration of scintillation and statistical variations in the number of scintillation photons determine the energy resolution of the detectors. There are many desirable qualities of scintillators for X-ray and gamma ray detection that include high light yield
* Miki Arai [email protected] * Keisuke Asai [email protected] 1
Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6‑6‑07 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba‑ku, Sendai 980‑8579, Japan
Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916‑5 Takayama‑Cho, Ikoma, Nara 630‑0192, Japan
2
and effective atomic number (Zeff) along with others discussed in ref.[3]. In this work, we focus on light yield and Zeff, because these are needed for X-ray and gamma ray devices. Scintillators having high light yields have better statistical variation of the pulse heights of the detection signals and hence better energy resolution of the scintillation detector [4], wher
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