Development of cost effective NO 2 gas sensor based on V 2 O 5 micro-flowers
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Development of cost effective NO2 gas sensor based on V2O5 micro‑flowers Hemlata Dhoundiyal1 · Habeebur Rahman1 · Mukesh C. Bhatnagar1 Received: 6 June 2020 / Accepted: 2 September 2020 © King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology 2020
Abstract In this paper, micro-flowers self-assembled by nanoplates were prepared by simple hydrothermal method for gas sensing application. The micro-flower-like morphology of the as-synthesized V 2O5 sample has been confirmed by FESEM and TEM micrographs. The structural property investigation of the prepared V2O5 sample has been carried out by XRD and Raman studies. The XRD pattern of V2O5 micro-flower unveiled the pure and poly crystalline orthorhombic phase and Raman analysis revealed the layered like structure of V 2O5 micro-flower. In addition, SAED pattern further confirmed the poly crystalline nature of the prepared sample. Further, the micro-flower structure was compressed into pellet form and the gas sensing behavior of these pellets has been tested for different target gases. The sensing results showed the better selectivity and sensitivity for trace amount of the NO2 gas at an optimum operating temperature of 200 °C Keywords V2O5 · Micro-flower · Hydrothermal · Gas sensor · Selectivity · NO2 gas
Introduction In recent time, air pollution in urban environment increased abruptly due to vast industrialization and dense fuel vehicle transportation. It has become the serious problem as it is poisoning the air expeditiously which causes the respiratory problems in human being (McGrath and Scanaill 2014). For the real time monitoring of the air pollutants, low cost and smart sensors are highly desired that can be operated at low operating temperature with nominal power consumption (McGrath and Scanaill 2014; Castell et al. 2017). In the present time, nanostructured metal oxide semiconductors such as V2O5, SnO2, ZnO, WO3 etc., are extensively used as resistive chemical gas sensors due to their large energy band gap and fast adsorption–desorption processes of the gases at the oxide’s surface (Abbasi et al. 2015; Schneider et al. 2016; AP, Dhakal P, Pradhan DK Behera MK, Xiao BO, and Bahoura M, 2018; Wang et al. 2008; Agarwal et al. 2019; Yang et al. 2019; Kulkarni et al. 2019; Zeb et al. 2020). On nano-size of metal oxides, the surface-to-volume ratio increases abruptly, allowing the increased sensing * Hemlata Dhoundiyal [email protected] 1
Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, 110016 New Delhi, India
performance (Lee et al. 2017; Zhao et al. 2014). Moreover, metal oxides exhibit the stable sensing response over the large time period with the negligible effects of the environmental parameters such as the humidity, environmental temperature, wind speed, etc. (Kwak et al. 2018; Panda et al. 2016). However, apart from the merits, it requires usually high operating temperature and often non-selective in its pure phase (Govindhan et al. 2018; Xue et al. 2019). To overcome these demerits, different tech
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