Development of Composite Fibrous Materials with Improved Mechanical Properties
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Fibre Chemistry, Vol. 52, No. 3, September, 2020 (Russian Original No. 3, May-June, 2020)
DEVELOPMENT OF COMPOSITE FIBROUS MATERIALS WITH IMPROVED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES A. V. Shibanova,* E. S. Tsobkallo,** O. A. Moskalyuk,* and V. E. Yudin***
UDC 677.494+539.4
Composite monofilaments based on a polyethyleneterephthalate matrix and inorganic dispersed nanoparticles (silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide) were produced by the melt method. The structure was investigated, and the optimum parameters of the formation process were determined. It was shown that composite materials with improved deformation–strength characteristics can be obtained if small concentrations of modified dispersed nanofillers are added.
In the modern world demands are constantly being made of various materials and of articles obtained from them with regard to their operational characteristics, and these demands can be met by appropriate choice of feedstock materials and technological production methods. The creation of articles from industrial textiles for special purposes such as automobile and furniture fabrics, containers for the storage of free-flowing materials, various types of braiding, geotextiles, and synthetic netting used in paper-making machines requires the use of fibers and filaments that have special properties and in particular mechanical strength. The operational characteristics can be changed significantly and improved as a result of the creation of heterogeneous structures, including fibrous polymeric composite materials (PCM). The properties of the PCMs depend on the choice of initial components and their proportions, the interaction between them, and the method and technology of their manufacture. In order to create fibrous composite materials it is preferable to use thermoplastic polymers, which is due to their better processability and the possibility of secondary treatment. The properties of the PCM are varied by introducing fillers of various types, size, and form into the polymeric matrix. The most widely used among the composite materials are materials in the form of bulk (block) and twodimensional (film) structures in so far as the technological conditions for the production of such materials are simpler. However, composite materials in the form of fibers and filaments are much in demand since they make it possible to extend significantly the assortment of fibrous materials that have the required set of operational characteristics. The creation of fibrous composite materials makes particular demands on the components — the matrix and the filler. The matrix must essentially represent a fiber-forming polymer, while the dimensions of the fillers must be substantially smaller than the cross section of the composite filaments, i.e., nanodimensional. Moreover, the creation of the fibrous composite materials requires specialized equipment and careful selection of the technological conditions [1]. Recently, special attention has been paid to the question of modifying polymeric materials with nanostructural carbon fillers suc
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