Development of Normal Fetal Movements The Last 15 Weeks of Gestation

In the later stages of gestation, fetal functions undergo increasing change and development, preparing the fetus for the transition to its postnatal environment. Rapid maturation is witnessed in breathing, swallowing, sensory functions, sleep, and many ot

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Development of Normal Fetal Movements The Last 15 Weeks of Gestation

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Development of Normal Fetal Movements

Alessandra Piontelli

Development of Normal Fetal Movements The Last 15 Weeks of Gestation

Alessandra Piontelli Department of Maternal/Fetal Medicine Clinica Mangiagalli Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico University of Milan Milan Italy

With the assistance of: Stefano Acerboni, Florinda Ceriani, Isabella Fabietti, Roberto Fogliani, Elisa Restelli, Sarah Salmona, Laura Trespidi, Beatrice Tassis, and Alessandra Kustermann Department of Maternal/Fetal Medicine Clinica Mangiagalli Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico University of Milan Milan Italy

ISBN 978-88-470-5372-4 ISBN 978-88-470-5373-1 DOI 10.1007/978-88-470-5373-1 Springer Milan Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London

(eBook)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2015932966 © Springer-Verlag Italia 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher's location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

To Filippo and Roberto, my sons. To Nicolò, my grandson. And To all those who will come.

Acknowledgments

The help and support of many individuals were critical in making this work a reality. These include former and current staff, students, and nurses of the Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Clini