Developmental Results of a Vaccine against Salmonella-Induced Equine Abortion
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Developmental Results of a Vaccine against Salmonella-Induced Equine Abortion M. P. Neustroeva, * and S. G. Petrovaa aSafronov
Yakut Research Institute of Agriculture, Yakutsk, Sakha Republic, 677001 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] Received March 23, 2020; revised May 15, 2020; accepted May 18, 2020
Abstract—An inactivated vaccine based on the Sal. abortus equi BN-12 strain with the Bac. subtilis TNP-3 strain filtrate used as immunomodulator has been developed in order to prevent salmonella-induced equine abortion. Preclinical and clinical trials with the white mice and the horses, respectively, are carried out. The lack of toxicity is proven. The vaccine immunogenicity for mouse and mare models comprised 90 and 100%, respectively. The industrial vaccine tests showed that the industrial output of foals increased by 13.8% after immunization. Cost-effectiveness of the vaccine used with the Bac. subtilis TNP-3 strain filtrate comprised 14.1 rubles per 1 ruble of costs, which was 1.8-fold greater when compared to the vaccine used with a polyribonate medicine. It is ascertained that administration of the inactivated vaccine with the Bac. subtilis TNP-3 strain is an effective method to prevent infectious abortion. Scientific and technical documentation is developed based on the survey results in order to submit it for approval to the Rosselkhoznadzor Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance. The instruction is compliant with the approved use. The registration certificate (71-1-10.19-4495 no. PVR-1-1-.6/01631, as of June 10, 2019) has been issued. Keywords: salmonella-induced abortion, vaccine, toxicity, immunogenicity DOI: 10.3103/S1068367420050158
INTRODUCTION Salmonella-induced equine abortion is most common in the Asian and African countries, while some cases are reported from European countries, the United States, and Argentina [1–4]. A high mortality rate caused by Sal. abortus equi was recorded in Italy [5]. The abortions associated with viral and bacterial infections caused by the rhinovirus and the salmonella agents of equine abortions are most severe [6]. Mixed infections are especially severe in the young horses, and the mortality rate may reach 22% [7]. Salmonella carriage among the healthy animals is proven [8–9]. Immunization through vaccination is the most effective method to prevent salmonellosis in horses. B.A. Matvienko et al. [10] developed the dry-powder TRE-841 live rabies vaccine used in Kazakhstan. Complex immunization through live vaccines was suggested to prevent rhinovirus pneumonia and salmonella-induced abortion [11–13]. At present, TOO “KazNIVI” Kazakh Research Veterinary Institute produces the live attenuated vaccine against salmonella-induced abortion in mares that is based on the B-0147 Sal. abortus equi strain [14]. An inactivated vaccine against the salmonellainduced equine abortion, which has been developed by the Yakut Research Institute of Agriculture jointly with the Virology Department, All-Russia Research
Institute of Experimental Veterinary, is used in th
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