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Arctic Hydrology, Permafrost and Ecosystems
Arctic Hydrology, Permafrost and Ecosystems
Daqing Yang • Douglas L. Kane Editors
Arctic Hydrology, Permafrost and Ecosystems
123
Editors Daqing Yang Watershed Hydrology and Ecology Research Division Water Science and Technology Directorate Victoria, BC, Canada
Douglas L. Kane Water and Environmental Research Center Institute of Northern Engineering University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks, AK, USA
ISBN 978-3-030-50928-6 ISBN 978-3-030-50930-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50930-9
(eBook)
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Preface
The Arctic is an integrated system (physical, biological, and chemical) with its elements closely linked by its atmosphere, ocean, and land. The Arctic system has experienced significant changes over the past several decades. To better understand the changes, causes, and consequences, it is important to regularly review and update the research progress of the Arctic system science. This book, drawing on the most recent research results across the circumpolar regions, provides a comprehensive, up-to-date assessment of the key terrestrial components of the Arctic system, i.e., hydrology, permafrost, and ecology. The chapters written by the leading (invited) scholars carefully examine Arctic climate variability/change, large river hydrology, lakes and wetlands, snow cover and ice processes, permafrost characteristics, vegetation/landscape changes, and the future trajectory of Arctic system evolution. The discussions cover the fundamental features and processes of the Arctic system, with a special focus on the critical knowledge gaps, i.e., the interactions and fee
