Diazoxide
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Necrotising enterocolitis: case report A 32-day-old boy developed necrotising enterocolitis during treatment with diazoxide. The boy was diagnosed with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. His hypoglycaemia was treated with dextrosecontaining fluids. He was subjected to treatment with diazoxide 3 mg/kg/day in three divided doses [route not stated], on day 17 of life. However, his hypoglycaemia persisted and the diazoxide dose was then increased to 8 mg/kg/day, 10 mg/kg/day, 13 mg/kg/day and then 16 mg/kg/day, over the next 11 days. However, on day 32 of life, he developed abdominal distention, progressive oedema, increased work of breathing, decreased urine output and hyponatraemia. Diazoxide toxicity was suspected. The boy’s diazoxide was held. Pneumatosis intestinalis was seen on an abdominal X-ray and portal venous gas was observed on an abdominal ultrasound. He was diagnosed with necrotising enterocolitis. He was placed on bowel rest and was treated with ampicillin, cefotaxime and metronidazole for 10 days. Subsequent abdominal examination showed improving pneumatosis. The necrotising enterocolitis resolved without surgical intervention. Author comment: "Our experience with this patient suggests necrotizing enterocolitis as a possible side effect of diazoxide therapy in the neonatal period". Theodorou CM, et al. Necrotizing enterocolitis following diazoxide therapy for persistent neonatal hypoglycemia. Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports 52: Jan 2020. Available from: URL: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsc.2019.101356 803441262 USA
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Reactions 21 Dec 2019 No. 1784
