Dielectric and Thermomechanical Properties of Polypropylene/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposites
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Dielectric and Thermomechanical Properties of Polypropylene/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposites A. Kanapitsas1, E. Logakis2, C. Pandis2, I. Zuburtikudis3, P. Pissis2, C. G Delides4, and A. S. Vatalis4 1 Department of Electronics, Technological Educational Institute of Lamia, 3rd km. Old National Road Lamia - Athens, Lamia, 35100, Greece 2 Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, Zografou, Athens, 15780, Greece 3 Department of Industrial Engineering Design, Technological Educational Institute of West Macedonia, Kila, Kozani, Greece 4 Laboratories of Physics and Materials Technology, Technological Educational Institute of West Macedonia, Kila, Kozani, Greece Abstract The purpose of this work is to examine the dielectric, electrical and thermo-mechanical properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) filled polypropylene nanocomposites formed by melt-mixing. To that aim dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS) and dymamic mechanical analysis (DMTA) were employed. The results are discussed in terms of nucleating action of MWCNT and interfacial polymer-filler interactions. Special attention is paid to percolation aspects by both ac conductivity measurements for the samples which are above the percolation threshold and permittivity measurements for the samples which are below percolation threshold. Introduction Polymer / nanoparticles nanocomposites have attracted special interest, the latest years, in the research and industrial communities, for the production of new materials with advanced properties. Nanocomposites made of carbon nanotubes (CNT) [1, 2], in various polymeric matrices have attracted considerable attention, especially in the latest years, due to their exceptional mechanical and electrical properties. These unique characteristics stem from the distinct properties of the CNT themselves. The size scale, very high aspect ratio (~ 1000) and properties of nanotubes provide advantages in a variety of applications, such as electromagnetic shielding and electrostatically dissipative materials. Special attention is paid to percolation aspects [3] by both ac conductivity measurements for the samples which are above the percolation threshold and permittivity measurements for the samples which are below it. Percolation threshold (pc) is the critical concentration of the filler where conducting pathways are formed by CNT and consequently a transition from the insulating to the conducting phase is observed.
Experimental Materials a. Multi-wall Carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) Two different kinds of MWCNTs were used for the fabrication of polypropylene hybrid materials: Nanotubes in dust form ~95% purity (Nanothinx, Greece) and nanotubes dispersed in a PP masterbatch (Hyperion Catalysis, USA). The MWCNT obtained from Nanothinx (Greece) had been made by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. These MWCNT were used as received, as they are organophilic in nature and thus, they can be dispersed in olephinic polymers [4]. The masterbatch of MWCNT contains 20% w
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