Dietary intake of specific amino acids and liver status in subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: fatty liver i
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ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION
Dietary intake of specific amino acids and liver status in subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: fatty liver in obesity (FLiO) study Cristina Galarregui1 · Irene Cantero1 · Bertha Araceli Marin‑Alejandre1 · J. Ignacio Monreal2,3 · Mariana Elorz2,4 · Alberto Benito‑Boillos2,4 · José Ignacio Herrero2,5,6 · Víctor de la O2,7 · Miguel Ruiz‑Canela2,7,8 · Helen Hermana M. Hermsdorff9 · Josefina Bressan9 · Josep A. Tur8,10 · J. Alfredo Martínez1,2,8 · M. Angeles Zulet1,2,8 · Itziar Abete1,2,8 Received: 10 April 2020 / Accepted: 19 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose Identification of dietary factors involved in the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is relevant to the current epidemics of the disease. Dietary amino acids appear to play a key role in the onset and progression of NAFLD. The aim of this study was to analyze potential associations between specific dietary amino acids and variables related to glucose metabolism and hepatic status in adults with overweight/obesity and NAFLD. Methods One hundred and twelve individuals from the Fatty Liver in Obesity (FLiO) study were evaluated. Liver assessment was carried out by ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging and analysis of biochemical parameters. Dietary amino acid intake (aromatic amino acids (AAA); branched-chain amino acids (BCAA); sulfur amino acids (SAA)) was estimated by means of a validated 137-item food frequency questionnaire. Results Higher consumption of these amino acids was associated with worse hepatic health. Multiple adjusted regression models confirmed that dietary AAA, BCAA and SAA were positively associated with liver fat content. AAA and BCAA were positively associated with liver iron concentration. Regarding ferritin levels, a positive association was found with BCAA. Dietary intake of these amino acids was positively correlated with glucose metabolism (glycated hemoglobin, triglyceride and glucose index) although the significance disappeared when potential confounders were included in the model. Conclusion These findings suggest that the consumption of specific dietary amino acids might negatively impact on liver status and, to a lesser extent on glucose metabolism in subjects with overweight/obesity and NAFLD. A control of specific dietary amino acid composition should be considered in the management of NAFLD and associated insulin resistance. NCT03183193; June 2017. Keywords Branched-chain amino acids · Sulfur amino acids · Aromatic amino acids · Fatty liver · Type 2 diabetes · Protein metabolism
M. Angeles Zulet and Itziar Abete contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02370-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * M. Angeles Zulet [email protected] * Itziar Abete [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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