Digital Joinery for Hybrid Carpentry
The craft of carpentry relies on joinery: connections between pieces of wood to create multipart structures. In traditional woodworking, joints are limited to the manual chisel skills of the craftsperson, or to capabilities of the machines, which favourit
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Abstract The craft of carpentry relies on joinery: connections between pieces of wood to create multipart structures. In traditional woodworking, joints are limited to the manual chisel skills of the craftsperson, or to capabilities of the machines, which favourite 90° or 180° angle joints with no more than two elements. We contribute an interactive design process in which joints are generated digitally to allow for unrestricted beam connectors, then produced from Nylon-12 using selective laser sintering (SLS) 3D printing. We present our Generative Joinery Design Tool and demonstrate our system on a selection of stools. This chapter exemplifies the potential of Digital Joinery to enhance carpentry by incorporating a hybrid and interactive level of design sophistication and affordances that are very hard to achieve with traditional skills and tools. Keywords Joinery · 3D printing · Hybrid · Digital fabrication Computer-aided design
1 Introduction Good joinery… is difficult to design and even more difficult to execute. It should be thought of as an investment, an unseen morality. George Nakashima (1981)
The craft of designing and implementing wood joints has a long-standing and important role in all traditional woodworking practices (Nakashima 1981; Selke 1977). Joints are the elements that transform lumber into a practical artifact. They are S. Magrisso · A. Zoran (B) Bezalel Academy of Arts and Design, Jerusalem, Israel e-mail: [email protected] S. Magrisso e-mail: [email protected] A. Zoran The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 F. Bianconi and M. Filippucci (eds.), Digital Wood Design, Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering 24, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03676-8_16
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fundamental to wooden artifacts and are probably the most technologically advanced elements in woodworking. The complexity of the joinery craft applies severe constraints on carpentry, limiting the design possibilities of wooden artifacts. It is difficult to master high-end joinery craft, as it requires free-hand chisel techniques and the design of non-trivial joints. Thus, common joinery restricts design possibilities to flat or right angles between pieces of wood, rarely connecting more than two pieces in the same joint. In our work, we are motivated to liberate contemporary woodworkers from this limitation and enable new design affordances using generative design and additive manufacturing (AM) of plastic joints. Digital Joinery contributes a new type of design freedom and construction affordances to furniture making.1 For instance, a maker who wishes to design a complex joint posits the 3D lumber plan virtually and selects all of the surfaces that need to be connected. A parametric design procedure helps in generating a Voronoi diagram skeleton, which acts as a bridge between the wooden surfaces.2 Our tool allows for parametric control over the characteristics of the joint, such as density, thickness, and style. After structurally evaluating the desig
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