Dissociation of relativistic 10 B nuclei in nuclear track emulsion
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ssociation of Relativistic 10B Nuclei in Nuclear Track Emulsion A. A. Zaitseva, b, *, D. A. Artemenkova, V. Bradnovaa, P. I. Zarubina, b, I. G. Zarubinaa, b, R. R. Kattabekova, N. K. Kornegrutsaa, K. Z. Mamatkulova, E. K. Mitsovaa, c, A. Neagud, P. A. Rukoyatkina, V. V. Rusakovaa, V. R. Sarkisyane, R. Stanoevac, M. Haiducd, and E. Firud a
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141980 Russia Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia cSouth-Western University, 2700 Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria dInstitute of Space Science, 077125 Magurele, Romania e Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan 0036, Armenia *e-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract⎯The structural features of 10В are studied by analyzing the dissociation of nuclei of this isotope at an energy of 1 A GeV in nuclear track emulsion. The fraction of the 10В → 2Не + Н channel in the charge state distribution of fragments is 78%. It was determined based on the measurements of fragment emission angles that unstable 8Beg.s. nuclei appear with a probability of (26 ± 4)%, and (14 ± 3)% of them are produced in decays of an unstable 9Вg.s. nucleus. The Be + H channel was suppressed to approximately 1%. DOI: 10.1134/S1063779617060612
Virtual nucleon associations (clusters) are the fundamental structural elements of atomic nuclei. Their simplest observable manifestations are the lightest 4,3He and 3,2H nuclei, which have no excited states. Superpositions of the lightest clusters and nucleons form subsequent nuclei (including unstable 8Be and 9B), which act as constituent clusters themselves. The balance of possible superpositions in states with suitable spin and parity values defines binding and the parameters of the ground state of the corresponding nucleus. Clusterization of the ground state of a light nucleus defines the structure of its excitations and the initial conditions of reactions it is involved in. Further attachment of nucleons and lightest nuclei leads to a shell-type structure. The entanglement of cluster and shell degrees of freedom turns the group of light nuclei into a “laboratory” of nuclear quantum mechanics. Clusterization forms the basis of processes that accompany the phenomena of physics of nuclear isobars, hypernuclei, and quark-parton degrees of freedom. The concept of clusterization of nuclei is essential to applications in nuclear astrophysics, cosmic-ray physics, nuclear medicine, and, possibly, nuclear geology. The BECQUEREL project [1], which is focused on examining the cluster structure of light nuclei, involved irradiation of nuclear track emulsion (NTE) with relativistic Be, B, C, and N isotopes (including radioactive ones) at the JINR nuclotron [2]. Longitudinally irradiated NTE layers provide an opportunity
to analyze the fragment ensembles fully. The events of coherent dissociation of nuclei with no tracks of slow fragments and charged mesons (“white” stars; see Fig. 1) are especially valuable in this respect. The irradiation of NTE with 10B nuclei with an energy of 1 А GeV was performed in 2002 in the f
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