Unstable states in dissociation of relativistic nuclei
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Regular Article - Experimental Physics
Unstable states in dissociation of relativistic nuclei Recent findings and prospects of research D. A. Artemenkov1, V. Bradnova1, M. M. Chernyavsky2 , E. Firu3 , M. Haiduc3 , N. K. Kornegrutsa1, A. I. Malakhov1, E. Mitsova1, A. Neagu3 , N. G. Peresadko2 , V. V. Rusakova1, R. Stanoeva4 , A. A. Zaitsev1,2 , P. I. Zarubin1,2 ,a , I. G. Zarubina1 1
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia 3 Institute of Space Science, Magurele, Romania 4 Southwestern University, Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria
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Received: 18 April 2020 / Accepted: 15 September 2020 / Published online: 6 October 2020 © Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020 Communicated by David Blaschke
Abstract Results are presented on the identification of the unstable nuclei 8 Be and 9 B and the Hoyle state (HS) in the relativistic dissociation of the isotopes 9 Be, 10 B, 10 C, 11 C, 12 C, and 16 O in a nuclear track emulsion (NTE). The main motivation for the study is the prospect of using these states in the search for more complex unstable states that decay with their participation. The possibilities of the NTE method for studying the contribution of multiple ensembles of the lightest He and H nuclei to the fragmentation of relativistic nuclei are described in brief. It is shown that to identify relativistic decays 8 Be and 9 B and HS in NTE, it is sufficient to determine the invariant mass as a function of angles in pairs and triples of He and H fragments in the approximation of conservation of momentum per nucleon of the parent nucleus. The formation of HS in the dissociation 16 O → 4α is observed. According to the criteria established in this way, the contribution of the unstable states to the relativistic fragmentation of 28 Si and 197 Au nuclei was estimated. Promising applications of the NTE method in the study of nuclear fragmentation are discussed.
1 Introduction The generation of ensembles consisting of several He and H nuclei is possible in the peripheral dissociation of relativistic nuclei. Potentially, an in-depth study of their features can shed light on topical issues in few-body nuclear physics. The focus of theoretical developments is the possibility of the existence of states with a pronounced α-condensate and a e-mail:
[email protected] (corresponding author)
nuclear-molecular structure. In turn, the findings of the corresponding laboratory searches could be involved in the development of multi-body scenarios of nuclear astrophysics. Being flexible and inexpensive, the method of nuclear track emulsion (NTE) meets the corresponding experimental challenges at least at the search stage. In the NTE layers longitudinally exposed to relativistic nuclei tracks of fragments can be observed exhaustively, and their direction determined with the best resolution. Determination of the invariant mass of the relativistic fragment groups in the approximation of conservation of the velocity o
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