Dissolved oxygen-mediated enrichment of quorum-sensing phenomenon in the bacterial community to combat oxidative stress
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Dissolved oxygen-mediated enrichment of quorum-sensing phenomenon in the bacterial community to combat oxidative stress Hitesh Tikariha1 · Anshuman A. Khardenavis1 · Hemant J. Purohit1 Received: 19 June 2018 / Revised: 4 July 2018 / Accepted: 7 July 2018 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018
Abstract Microbial community with their plasticity follows a course of changes that allow adaptation and survival in a particular habitat. In this study perturbations in microbial flora dwelling in two reactors with phenol as a carbon source under the limiting nitrogen and phosphorus conditions were monitored for 3 months with alterations of dissolved oxygen (DO). With the time, the shift in diversity and abundance of bacteria were observed with simultaneous increase in biofilm-forming bacteria like Pseudomonas, Escherichia, etc. Functional level screening revealed that the abundance of core metabolic genes were not much altered, however, the regulated level of increase in quorum sensing genes (acyl-homoserine lactone), biofilm-forming genes, catalase and ferroxidase enzymes at high DO suggest the survival mechanism of the community. This study sheds light on survival route followed by the bacterial community with abiotic stress, such as an increase in DO. Keywords Community dynamics · Comparative metagenome · Quorum sensing · Biofilm · Oxidative stress
Introduction Microbes thrive in a dynamic, changing stressed condition, and it could tolerate it by adapting itself to the given biotic and/ or abiotic stress. The stress due to temperature, pressure, radiation, oxygen, nutrient, etc., can be grouped under abiotic stress, which is the most common type of stress to which a microbial community is challenged (Cornforth and Foster 2013). The adaptation, which microbes acquire to overcome these stresses can be for a short time with only phenotypic responses or a long-term which are genetic in nature. However, in the microbial community, the adaptation to stress can also be due to the selection of specific microbes
Communicated by Erko Stackebrandt. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-018-1551-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Hemant J. Purohit [email protected] 1
Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440020, Maharashtra, India
as their shared intelligence raises the capacity for survival against stress (Evans and Wallenstein 2014). Studying the community dynamics at temporal and spatial level reveals how the community changes in response to a particular stress condition. One of the important stress to which a microbial community is encountered mostly in an environment is the oxidative stress. Microbes manage the generated free radical, mostly through peroxidases, dismutase, catalase, and various reductases at the primary level (Cabiscol et al. 2000). Once the damage caused
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