DNA Information: Laws of Perception
This book explores the double coding property of DNA, which is manifested in the digital and analog information types as two interdependent codes. This double coding principle can be applied to all living systems, from the level of the individual cell to
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Georgi Muskhelishvili
DNA Information: Laws of Perception
123
SpringerBriefs in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/10196
Georgi Muskhelishvili
DNA Information: Laws of Perception
123
Georgi Muskhelishvili School of Engineering and Science Jacobs University Bremen Germany
ISSN 2211-9353 ISSN 2211-9361 (electronic) SpringerBriefs in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ISBN 978-3-319-17424-2 ISBN 978-3-319-17425-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-17425-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015936286 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © The Author(s) 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
The suggestion to write this booklet was provoked by our article published in one of the Springer journals and describing the DNA double helix as a coding device carrying two logically distinct types of information. The idea behind this is over a decade old. In the experiments carried out in mid-1990s together with Andrew Travers and Malcolm Buckle, we stumbled over a striking phenomenon indicating that during the injection of DNA binding proteins into a flowcell with surfaceimmobilized DNA fragments, the DNA molecules successively adopted different dynamic configurations. These distinct configurations were directly pertinent to regulation of genetic function and thus, embodied information, but in contrast to the genetic code, this information was not discrete, but rather continuous, as it depended by large on the distribution of torsional strain in the DNA molecule. To distinguish this latter from the digital genetic code, the continuous DNA information was subsequently dubbed analog code. In principle, the relationship between the analog and digital DNA codes is akin to the relationship between the syntax and semantics of natural language. I
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