Does Approach-Avoidance Behavior in Response to Ambiguous Cues Reflect Depressive Interpretation Bias? Related but Disti
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Does Approach‑Avoidance Behavior in Response to Ambiguous Cues Reflect Depressive Interpretation Bias? Related but Distinct Xiao‑Xiao Lin1,2 · Shang‑Wen Si3 · Rui‑Rui Gao1,2 · Ya‑Bin Sun1,2 · Yu‑Zheng Wang1,2 · Ning Wang1,2 · Fei Luo1,2 · Jin‑Yan Wang1,2
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Background There has been a recent surge of interest in the development of the Judgement Bias Test (JBT) as a translational assay and objective measure of depressive interpretation bias. Judgement bias, namely the tendency of favoring an approach/ avoidance response towards ambiguous cues, is thought to reflect a biased interpretation or anticipation of the cues. However, no study has examined the relationship between judgement bias and depressive interpretation bias. Methods We validated the JBT against established measurements of interpretation bias in a college sample (Study 1) and an adolescent sample (Study 2). Results In both samples, a negative judgement bias was significantly associated with a depressive interpretation bias. However, the strength of the associations was only moderate and failed to meet the minimum qualification of convergent validity. Conclusions Our results suggest that judgement bias and interpretation bias might be related but distinct. The JBT should not be used as an indirect assessment of interpretation bias in its current form, and it would be premature to claim that animal studies using the JBT could inform our understanding of cognitive biases in mood disorders. Nevertheless, the JBT might be useful for studying specific mechanisms, such as reward processing under ambiguity. Keywords Interpretation bias · Depression · Ambiguity · Judgement bias test · Approach-avoidance Cognitive theories of depression posit that depressed individuals tend to process emotionally ambiguous information in a negative/pessimistic manner (Everaert et al. 2012; LeMoult and Gotlib 2018; Mathews and MacLeod 2005). Indeed, depressed individuals readily infer hostile intentions in ambiguous social scenarios (Smith et al. 2016), perceive negative emotions from ambiguous facial expressions Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-020-10133-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Jin‑Yan Wang [email protected] 1
CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China
2
Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
3
Beijing 101 Middle School, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
(Beevers et al. 2009; Dai et al. 2015; Lee et al. 2016), and most commonly, interpret self-referent ambiguous verbal stimuli negatively (Everaert et al. 2017b). These biases may play a key role in the development and maintenance of depression (LeMoult and Gotlib 2018; Mathews and MacLeod 2005). Resea
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