Does Yoga Have a Role in Schizophrenia Management?
- PDF / 361,117 Bytes
- 10 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 23 Downloads / 217 Views
SCHIZOPHRENIA AND OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS (AK PANDURANGI, SECTION EDITOR)
Does Yoga Have a Role in Schizophrenia Management? Ramajayam Govindaraj 1 & Shivarama Varambally 2,3 Bangalore N. Gangadhar 3
&
Naren P. Rao 3 & Ganesan Venkatasubramanian 3 &
Accepted: 19 October 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose of Review To review the efficacy of add-on yoga therapy in improving symptoms of schizophrenia and quality of life and examine the possible underlying biological mechanisms of yoga in schizophrenia. Recent Findings Quality of life, cognitive symptoms, and negative symptoms have been found to improve with add-on yoga therapy in schizophrenia (pooled mean effect size 0.8, 0.6, and 0.4, respectively). Yoga also seems to have a small effect on improving positive symptoms. Less explored areas include adverse effects of yoga itself as well as its effects on antipsychoticinduced complications. Preliminary findings suggest that the effects of yoga may be mediated by neurohormonal mechanisms and functional changes in brain activity. Summary Add-on yoga therapy is a potential treatment option for improving quality of life, cognitive symptoms, and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Future studies should explore efficacy in multicentric trials as well as possible neurobiological changes underlying the effects. Keywords Yoga . Schizophrenia . Management . Mechanisms . Psychopathology . Quality of life
Introduction Schizophrenia comprises positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms. Positive symptoms are generally amenable to antipsychotic medication, whereas negative and cognitive symptoms are challenging to treat as the effect of currently available antipsychotic medications are minimal in these domains. Forty percent of patients with chronic schizophrenia present with negative symptoms at baseline [1], and in treated patients, it is 18% [2]. Unlike positive and negative symptoms,
cognitive deficits are not a diagnostic criterion in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) [3]. However, cognitive impairment is an independent disease characteristic of schizophrenia [4, 5]. Cognitive deficits are demonstrated even in first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia, suggestive of a trait character in schizophrenia [6]. It presents in all phases of schizophrenia, and in fact, it begins much earlier than positive and negative symptoms, and it includes domains of both neurocognition and social cognition [7–9]. Based on clinical
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders * Shivarama Varambally [email protected] Ramajayam Govindaraj [email protected] Naren P. Rao [email protected] Ganesan Venkatasubramanian [email protected]
Bangalore N. Gangadhar [email protected] 1
Centre for Consciousness Studies, Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
2
Department of Integrative Medicine, National Institut
Data Loading...
