Durability of neutralizing antibodies and T-cell response post SARS-CoV-2 infection
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Durability of neutralizing antibodies and T-cell response post SARS-CoV-2 infection Yun Tan1,*, Feng Liu1,*, Xiaoguang Xu1,*, Yun Ling2,*, Weijin Huang3,*, Zhaoqin Zhu2,*, Mingquan Guo2,*,
Yixiao Lin2,*, Ziyu Fu1, Dongguo Liang1, Tengfei Zhang2, Jian Fan2, Miao Xu3, Hongzhou Lu (✉)2,
Saijuan Chen (✉)1 1
Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; 2Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai 201508, China; 3National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing 102629, China
© Higher Education Press 2020
Abstract The ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is caused by a newly discovered β coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). How long the adaptive immunity triggered by SARS-CoV-2 can last is of critical clinical relevance in assessing the probability of second infection and efficacy of vaccination. Here we examined, using ELISA, the IgG antibodies in serum specimens collected from 17 COVID-19 patients at 6–7 months after diagnosis and the results were compared to those from cases investigated 2 weeks to 2 months post-infection. All samples were positive for IgGs against the S- and Nproteins of SARS-CoV-2. Notably, 14 samples available at 6–7 months post-infection all showed significant neutralizing activities in a pseudovirus assay, with no difference in blocking the cell-entry of the 614D and 614G variants of SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, in 10 blood samples from cases at 6–7 months post-infection used for memory T-cell tests, we found that interferon γ-producing CD4+ and CD8+ cells were increased upon SARS-CoV-2 antigen stimulation. Together, these results indicate that durable anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity is common in convalescent population, and vaccines developed from 614D variant may offer protection from the currently predominant 614D variant of SARS-CoV-2. Keywords
SARS-CoV-2; neutralizing antibodies; T-cell response
Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a newly emerging infectious acute respiratory disease that has caused arguably the most challenging pandemic since the 1918 influenza [1–3]. Several lines of evidence have shown that convalescent COVID-19 patients developed both humoral and T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 [4–7]. However, there have been seemingly conflicting reports on the durability of serum antibodies post SARSCoV-2 infection in COVID-19. For example, some studies showed that the levels of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2
Received September 15, 2020; accepted September 16, 2020 Correspondence: Saijuan Chen, [email protected]; Hongzhou Lu, [email protected] *
Yun Tan, Feng Liu, Xiaoguang Xu, Yun Ling, Weijin Huang, Zhaoqin Zhu,
Mingquan Guo, and Yixiao Lin contributed equally to this study.
measured by ELISA gradually declined after a few weeks post infection [8], while others found that th
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