Dusky cotton bug Oxycarenus hyalinipennis Costa (Lygaeidae: Hemiptera) loss assessment in cotton
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Dusky cotton bug Oxycarenus hyalinipennis Costa (Lygaeidae: Hemiptera) loss assessment in cotton Faisal Hafeez 1 & Muhammad Akram 2 & Muhammad Farooq 2,3 & Muhammad Saghir 2 & Muhammad Arshad 4 & Ayesha Iftikhar 1 & Afifa Naeem 1 & Unsar Naeem-Ullah 5 Received: 26 March 2020 / Accepted: 28 September 2020 # African Association of Insect Scientists 2020
Abstract Oxycarenus hyalinipennis Costa (Lygaeidae: Hemiptera) has attained the status of major insect pest drastically affecting the value and production of the cotton crop. The main objective of the study is to estimate losses caused by O. hyalinipennis (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 pairs release / boll) identified on boll weight, fiber characteristics (mike, staple length, staple strength, lint index and Ginning Out Turn), seed index and seed germination, under semi opened bolls of two Bt genotypes (MNH-886 and MNH-456). The offered O. hyalinipennis density is directly proportional to GOT while inversely proportional to boll weight, seed index, germination, lint index, mike, staple length and staple strength. All morphological parameters revealed highly significant but negative correlation with offered densities of O. hyalinipennis. Linear regression model showed that fiber characteristics affected significantly by O. hyalinipennis. Thus, a long term sustainable IPM strategy must be implemented to curtail this bug population under check. Keywords Fiber characters . Oxycarenus hyalinipennis . Qualitative and quantitative analysis . Transgenic cotton genotypes
Introduction Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. (Family: Malvaceae) is the most commercially grown fiber crop around the world including Pakistan and constantly received high consideration in research and development. Conventional varieties are under a great threat due to severity of lepidopteran insects (Pectinophora gossypiella, Helicoverpa armigera, Spodoptera litura, Earias insulana / vittella) (Ibargutxi
* Faisal Hafeez [email protected] 1
Entomological Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
2
Cotton Research Institute, Multan, Pakistan
3
School of Earth, Environment and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4000, Australia
4
Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
5
Institute of Plant Protection, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
et al. 2006). This situation demands the plant breeders to develop a genotype resistant or moderately resistant to this insect threat. Search for new gene, its introduction and expression for resistance against the insect long time and comprehensive research process. Transgenic varieties against bollworms have, however, been evolved and more than 80% of the area is under cultivation (3.2 Million hectare) (Abbas 2018). Due to Bt cotton cultivation, an appreciable increase in the number of sucking insect pests especially the dusky cotton bug, O. hyalinipennis was noticed (Akram et al. 2013; Shah 2014). Dusky cot
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